BIOGRAPHICAL 



AND 



f)evs6i'iptive Cktklo^ue 

\ '%\it ^ndtni%mt\" 

JltMPOSiNO THE 

SPIRIT ART GALLERY, 

BEING 

LIFE-SIZE BUST PORTRAITS. 



PAINTED WITH PENCIL, 

By WELLA and PET ANDERSON 

Spirit Artists. 



WITH SOME ACCOUNT 

(1F OTIIEll 



I ^ISrOTENT PEOPLE, 



WHO LIVED 



50,000 Years AgOo 



DF»n.ic:j:E3, 23 cJDEsiNrrrjs. 



NENA^ VORK AND SAN FRANCISCO 

Published by the ''Pacific Art Union.'' 






The Ancient Band 



This (the Atlautian) Band was formed about two thousand yours ago, by a Triad, coueist- 
ing of Yermah (the Chief); AuKUL(tho Hindoo Necromancer), and Aubacks (Egyptian Priest). 
These three leaders associated with themselves, in the following centuries, one by one, other 
eminent and talented personages, in Spirit Lifi^. until the whole number constituting the Band 
was twenty-eight, as it no.v remains. The following are the names, and their order of» 



accession ; 



MEMBERS OF THE BAND. 



1. YERMAH, of Atlantis. 
•2. ADEHL. of India. 
.3. ARBACES. of Egypt, 
A. ATYARRAH, of Atlantis. 
5. ORONDO. of Atlantis. 
*l). RAJAH BEDAR, of India. 
T. MAZALEEL, of Nineveh. 
'■8. JANNES, of Egypt. 
!l. HASSAN AL MESCHID, of Persia. 
*1(). PSAMICONDE, of India. 
11. ABD EL KADER, of Arabia. 
*12. BAAL BALZER, of Nineveh. 

13. GAUTAMA, of India. 

14. GATULLUS, of Rome. 

^W The Portraits of those marked * 



15. IIIRA:M ABIFF, of Tyre. 
*16. PYTHAGOR.AS, of Greece. 
*1T. COPERNICUS, of Poland. 

18. CONFUCIUS, of China. 
*19. POPE GREGORY, I. of Italy. 
*20. ALARIC, King of Visigoths. 
*21. PETER THE HERMIT, of France. 

22. PIETRO VECCHIA, of Rialto. 

23. OMAR, I. of Arabia. 

24. PETER KORZAKIEFF, of Poland. 

25. HENRI DE BRIAN TILLE, of Engl'd. 
2G. CRANMER, of England. 

27. AYOTTE. > f France. 
*M. AZELIA, of Atlantis, 
have not yet been painted. 



OTHER PROMINENT PERSONAGES, 

(Helpers of the Band) 



1. PLUTARCH, Greek Historian. 

2. PINDAR, Greek Poet. 

3. KING ALFRED, The Great, of Britain. 

4. JOHN GIOCONDO, Italian Monk. 

5. SIR FRANCIS (LORD) BACON. 



6. ABELARU, Lover of Heloisc. 

7. HELOISE, Mistress of Abelard. 

8. PHILIPPE QUINAULT, Lyrical Poet. 

9. SIR ANTHONY VANDYKE, Painter. 
10. "DAWN,'' Grown up in Spirit Life. 



t5^*"The eighteen portraits of the Band, and these ten— 28 in all— are painted with Faber's 
Pencils, life-size busts, and the originals constitute the " Spirit Art Gallery," as now ou 
exhibition. 

BEAUTIFUL PHOTOGRAPHS, 

In the highest style of the art, have been made of these wonderful pictures, which form the 
strangest and most attractive group of Ancient Costumes and Faces ever before seen ou the 
Earth. 

CARDS, 25 Cents each; - - - CABINETS, 50 Cents each. 
Full sell of 28, $6, for Cards. % 1 2 for Cabinets. 

Address-, H. A. BARTHOLOMEW & CO., 

Agency of "The Pacific Art Union," 

36 John Street, New York. 



BIOGRAPHICAL 

AND 

©e^dfiptiye dk-tcilo^ue 



OF 



44- 



COMPOSING THE 

SPIRIT ART QALLERY, 



ff 



BBINO 



LIFE-SIZE BUST PORTRAITS, 



PAINTED WITH PENCIL, 



By WELLA and PET ANDERSON, 

Spirit Artists. 



WITH SOME ACCOUNT 

OP OTHER 



A.N"CIE]^rT PEOPLE, 

WHO LIVED 

50,000 Years Ago. 



NE>^ YORK AND SAN FRANCISCO. 



Published by the "Pacific Art Union.'' 






Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1874, in the office of the Librarian of 

Congress, Washington, D. C, by the 

"PACIFIC ART UNION," 

Incorporated March, ISTd, under the Code of the State of California. 



^OO4»O4>O4»<0O<>0<M>0<M»OO<>O4»4M»<M»0O«O4MM>0O<>8O4l<»04KM»^^ 



INTRODUCTION, 




^HE remarkable collection of Pre-historic, Ancient, and Mid- 
%i^^ die-age Personages, comprising the "Spirit Art Gallery,"' 
is one that challenges public attention and criticism as no other 
Paintings have ever done since the birth of this form of Art. It is 
sui generis : singular and unparalleled. 

In the execution of these Portraits, all hitherto known rules of 
Art Schools have been ignored or set at defiance. Method or time — 
whatever has governed the artist in his normal condition, has made 
no figure in this work. If it were permitted, under the broad radi- 
ance of Science, to attribute any event — the laws of which we did 
not understand — to the category of " miracle," these paintings would 
be as insolvable as other of Nature's phenomena. 

When the tiny **raps," at the liumble Hydesville home of the 
Fox family, startled the world, and gave birth to Modern Spirit- 
ualism, how few, if a single one, comprehended the stupendous 
ejffect upon the opinion of the world that has since been produced. 
No movement of mind or spiritual forces, within the limits of 
recorded history, is comparable with this, either in its moral or 
pheuomeiial aspects. Wonders have multiplied, till a new wonder 
ceases to be regarded as but an every-day affair. From the mouths 
of babes have the wise been confounded 

It is about eighteen years since a young married couple began 
life together in one of the tow^is of the Great West. The husband 
was a mechanic of only a meager, common-school education. He 
had learned and followed the trade of a cabinet maker. He some- 
times worked at the poorly remunerative business of sign-painting, 
which was all he knew of the painter's art, in which he was his OAvn 
tutor. 

The wife was a small, delicate, spirituelle young woman. The 
gift of " second sight" was hers from the days of infancy. A wierd, 
strange child, she was called by everybody ; always seeing and tell- 
ing things which were incomprehensible to family or friends. After 
the birth of Spiritualism, the wonderful gift of the young woman 
placed her among the recognized "mediums" of the new dispen- 
sation ; not only in clairvoyance, and clairaitdience, but in the state 
known as " trance." 

This young couple were Wella P. and L. Pet Akdersok. At 

the period of their marriage, and for several years thereafter, no 

signs" of mediumship were manifested in l^ir. Anderson, while 

the fame of Mrs. Anderson, as a most remarkable " test medium," 

extended far and near. 

They sat together for Ms " development" for a long time — two 
years, we believe — before the remarkable phase of Art Mediumship 



lO0OOOO0O0OOO4M»O0OO<M»OOO<>OOO<»<>OOOOO4>04^(»O<>«^0 



was shown by Mr. Anderson : for which she was, and still remains, 
the necessary magnet, or battery, and which has given them a 
world-wide reputation as " Spirit Artists." 

Since then thousands of portraits have been painted — like- 
nesses of those in spirit life where none existed — under conditions 
utterly precluding pre-knowledge or collusion. Indeed, in almost 
every instance, tliese portraits ivere recognized and accepted like- 
nesses, and may be seen in many hundreds of homes throughout 
the land, as the most prized mementos of the loved ones gone 
before. S 

These art productions are executed solely with Faber's pencils, 
Nos. 1 and 2, while the mediums are in the unconscious trance 
state: one — Mrs. Anderson — supplying the elements of power, or 
" life-essences," used by the controlling spirits : the other holding 
the pencil under involuntary, or mechanical motion. It makes no 
difference whether the studio is light or dark. Usually the blinds 
are closed, and the curtains drawn, thus leaving the room in the 
" dim religious light " of the old cathedrals. The seances, for fine 
painting, rarely exceed twelve minutes in duration ; and only under 
very favorable conditions of atmosphere and physical health, is a 
second sitting given on any day. In ten, at most, of these 
" stances," the portrait is completed, as seen in the Gallery ; or in 
two hours of actual working time ! 

The " marvel " of this fact, which is as well attested as any 
other fact Avithin the cognizance of human consciousness, will be 
apparent to artists, critics of art, or the general public, by an exami- 
nation of the paintings in detail. Nothing more elaborate, or more 
beautiful, ever came from the pencil or brush of the inspired artist 
in any age, than is to be seen in the costumes and delicate shadings in 
these portraits, which give them such a vivid and life-like expression. 

The *' Ancient (Atlantian) Band" was formed some two 
thousand years ago, by the association of Yermah, Adehl and 
Arbaces, in a Triad, to which additions were made in the following 
centuries — one by one — till the number is now twenty-eight. They 
have been engaged in every advance movement, in education, since ^ 
its first formation; but never, until after the middle of the I9th \ 
century, have they manifested, through media, as personalities, for & 
the reason that the age was not ripe for them to do so. Some of i 
them Avere clairvoyantly seen by, and exercised positive control S 
over Dr. James Cooper, of Bellefontaine, Ohio, as long ago as 8 
1857; and to many other mediums throughout the country have g 
various members of the Band been recognized. § 

About five years ago, in a correspondence with Dr. Cooper, for ^ 
psychometric testing of ores (for which he is unexcelled), Mr. J. g 
Winchester, then residing in New York, received the first know- ^ 
ledge of the existence of this " Band," who seem to have been long | 
attendant upon him, and who accompanied his letters into the & 
clairvoyant presence of the medium. | 

In the fall of the same year — 18G9 — Mr. Winchester visited 
Mr. Anderson's rooms, on special personal invitation, to examine 
some portraits just completed. On the occasion of this visit, Mr. 



and Mrs. Anderson — both clear- seeing mediums — described these 
same ancient perso7iages, as coming with hint, that had already 
become familiar through Dr. Cooper. Mr. Anderson stated that it 
was the first time in his mediumship that he had ever, clairvojantly, 
seen any ancient personages, or spirits of a pre-historic age. He also 
stated that these personages desired to have their portraits taken, 
for Mr. Winchester, and appointed a day for a seance: at which 
the likeness of Yermah was sketched, corresponding' accurately to 
the description in a letter from Dr. Cooper several months pre- 
S viously. It was a surprising, and most satisfactory test of the 
J identity of the spirit, as Mr. Anderson was entirely ignorant of any 
I correspondence between Mr. Winchester and Dr. Cooper. 

Owing to sickness, and other unfavorable conditions with Mr. 
and Mrs. Anderson, and the necessity of their leaving the city, no 
other portraits were taken at that time ; and, soon after, Mr. Win-. 
Chester returned to California, without a thought or expectation 
that the work would ever be resumed. 

In November, 1870, the Andersons felt impelled to visit the 
Pacific Coast, of which intention Mr. Winchester had no previous 
intimation; nor did he hear of their arrival until the latter part of 
January, 1871 — three months after they reached San Francisco. 

At the second call upon Mr. and Mrs. Anderson — the 3d of 
February, 1871 — a seance took place, and a sketch was made of a 
member of the Band ; and every day, till the first week of March, 
seances were held, at each of which, another one of the Band was 
sketched, until the whole were taken. 

During this time the artists were held under the exclusive con- 
trol of the Ancients. No other portraits could be, or were, taken, 
except these, though the public croAvded the rooms, and orders were 
importunate. Mr. Winchester was severely criticized for monopo- 
lizing the time of the artists, by those desiring to obtain likenesses 
of friends or relations in spirit-life : and, in several instances, he 
gave way to others, in order to allay the complaints that were made. 
It did not matter. In every case in which an attempt was 
made to take a portrait for another, there came upon the paper some 
pre-historic personage of the "A:n'CIE]s:t Ba:n"D." It was thus proved, 
to the satisfaction of every one, that neither the artists, nor Mr. 
Winchester, had any control over the conditions ; but that " the 
Spirits " held the batteries at both ends of the magnetic wire. 

Of the twenty-eight sketches of the " Band," then made, only 
eighteen portraits had been completed : the artist always commen- 
cing de novo on afresh and fair sheet of paper, without any reference, 
whatever, to the original. 

The work, so far as it has progressed, has been wholly executed 
in California — the time covering the two following years, during 
which the artist was engaged in the execution of orders for the gen- 
eral public. 

A^iewed in whatever light we may — from every stand-point of 
human judgment — these portraits are most remarkable. As the 
likenesses of real men and tvomen, who lived on this earth in past 
Eras, they must strike the beholder with astonishment at their com- 



mandiug forms, and their grandly developed intellects, expressed in 
every feature. 

As Works of Art, they compare favorably with those of the 
best artists of this or any former age. In the wonderful diversity 
in race, physiognomy, and quaint richness of costume, no collection 
of paintings have ever equaled these abnormal productions of the 
pencil, in the hand of one who is not only an uneducated man, but 
who never took a lesson in drawing in his life. 

In regard to the Philosophy involved in the return to earth, as I 
" ministering angels,'^ of these Ancient Bands of Spirits, or as to the | 
purpose of their coming, there is much room for difference of opin- 
ion. The idea, that the wise and good in spirit- life bak"D them- 
selves together in societies, associations, and congresses, to aid, by 
their psychological power, exerted upon susceptible minds, in ad- 
vanciug the human race toward better conditions and a more perfect 
brotherhood, is not a new one, but is accepted and believed by all 
believers in Spiritualism. ^ 

It is also an accepted fact by the Christian world generally, by \ 
the believers in other systems of religion, and by barbarous tribes of 
men, that Spirits have communicated and do communicate with 
mortals, influencing them for good or evil. 

All reformers have been, more or less, under the inspiration, in 
their teachings, of the Divine Mind; in other words, have been 
^' controlled " by spirits whose purpose it was, through their chosen 
instruments, to break down old superstitions, to liberalize and en- 
lighten the human intellect, inaugurate an improved order of 
belief, and institute better forms of government. 

The most noted of these reformers of the early historical times, 
are Chrisltna and Gautama, among the Hindoos; Moses and Jesus, 
among the Hebrews; Osisus and his wife, Isis, among the Egyp- 
tians; Zer du sht ^nd Zoroaster, Sjinong the Persians; Pythagoras, 
Socrates and Plato, among the Greeks and Eomans ; together with 
many in the middle and later ages of the Christian era — Huss, 
Yaldo, Servetus, Luther, Melancthon, Swedenborg, the Wesleys, 
Fox, Volney, Murray, Winchester and Paine; but the efforts of 
most of these inspired reformers, or mediums, have proved almost 
abortive, for the reason that their disciples, or immediate followers, 
have invariably set themselves down in the last tracks made by 
these men before their death — considering their doctrines as the 
finality. Thus, failing to progress, they have stood still or retrograded. 

In tlie case of Jesus, the controlling band was composed of 
Moses, Elias, Confucius, Pytliagoras, Socrates, Hermes (an Egyp- 
tian })i-iest, father of Moses), Zoroaster, Baal Balzar (a very ancient 
Ninevite, of the Magi, one of the "Atlantian Band") and some 
of the Hebrew Seers, Samuel being the principal one. Tlie i)urpose 
was to break down the r.tualism of the times, dissipate the idea 
that the Hebrews were God's chosen people, destroy the power of 
the priests, and institute a system founded upon the Fatherhood of 
God, and the Brotherhood of Man ; teaching the world at the same 
time that " God is love," and not the monster he was generally 
represented and believed to be. 



r^^jr?^jrs-5^t«>^-i0^5>-*^^"'*>«^''^'^-#^-^*»>^^-^-'>^s>5>iS^ 



In this purpose the controlling Band of Jesus partially suc- 
ceeded ; but his followers, failing to agree among themselves as to 
the intent of his doctrines — some insisting on one interpretation 
and some another, and confounding the pure principles he taught 
when under the ''^influence," with what he said when not — nu- 
merous schisms or creeds resulted — till in after time (about 225 A.D.) 
Jesus was deified : and a hundred years later he was incorporated 
into the Trinity, being the second person of the Triple-God. 

The Atlantians had nothing to do with the development or 
control of Jesus, being engaged with Adehl, Arbaces, and others 
in an effort to influence different individuals to copy and save from 
the destruction they saw impending, the invaluable historical and 
scientific records that were preserved in the Alexandrian Library. 
They well knew that it would require ages for the human family 
to regain the knowledge contained in that grand collection of his- 
tories, reaching back to remote ages. But they failed; and the 
library was destroyed — first by the early Christians, because the 
books conflicted with tlieir Old Testament; and what remained 
were used by Omar and his followers, to heat their baths, when he 
conquered Egypt. 

After the failure of Yermaii and his associates to save the Alex- 
andrian Library, through their ^'influence" upon mediumistic 
persons of that day, they devoted themselves — sometimes together 
and sometimes individually — to the development of other suscep- 
tible individuals, to prepare for, and carry forward the greater work 
which the Triad was formed to accomplish, viz : 

^^ To inditute a syste^n of liberal education foe the people, 
simplifii the sciences, mid popularize and liberalize religioiis ideas 
in such a manner as to make the human family a Band of 
Brothers;" or, in other words, '' To make Religion subservient to 
SoiBi^CE AJST> Educatcoi^, or rather to make Science and Edu- 
cation THE Foundation of Religion." 

In the latter part of the eighth century the Triad had drawn to 
them Atyarrah and Orondo, of Atlantis (who had always been 
companions of Yermah), Psamicondb, of India; Jannes, of 
Egypt; Baal Balzar, of Nineveh; Eajah Bedar, of India; 
Hiram Abiff, of Tyre; Mazaleel, of Nineveh; Pythagoras, 
of Greece (the sage of Samos) ; Confucius, the Chinese Sage and 
Philosopher; Hassan al Meschid, the Magian Priest of Persia; 
Gautama, the Brahminical reformer, and founder of Buddhism ; 
Catullus, the Roman jeweller ; and Abd el Kader, the Arabian 
descendant of Ishmael; the ''Band" then comprising eighteen 
members, all attracted to each other in this union of purpose, as 
of the same mind. 

In the following centuries others, one by one, were enlisted in 
the Band, viz : Alaric, King of the Visigoths; Peter the* Hermit, 
of France (father of the Crusades); Pope Gregory I., of Italy; 
Omar L, second Caliph of the Arabian (Mohammedan) dynasty; 
Copernicus, the astronomer; Pietro Vecchia, Tribune of the 
island republic, Rialto, in the Venetian Lagoon; Peter Koz- 
AKiEFF, scholar and scientist, of Poland; Henri de Brianyille 



8 

English knight, of the time of Charles I. ; Cranmer, Archbishop 
of Canterbury, martyred by Queen Mary; Ayotte, of France, 
artist and poet of the Huguenots ; and, last of all, Azelia, High- 
Priestess of Atlantis at the time the continent was sunk, and 
wife of Yermah, the Chief. » 

The influence of this Band has been increasing in all the cen- 
turies since the original Triad was formed. In later times, they 
were the controllers of the great reformers down to Paine and \ 
Volney ; but, for the reason that the world was not ready to receive \ 
the advanced truths the Band desired to promulgate, a radical | 
change in the popular theologies and religious systems could not be J 
made. Thus they were able to do but little beyond the compara- ^ 
tively limited following of those reformers themselves. Finding, 
as they supposed, better conditions to exist at the dawning of the 
nineteenth century, the Band has had in preparation, from ante- 
natal periods, various media, whose training and experiences were 
of a character to adapt them to fill their pre-ordained positions in 
the more active inauguration of the ^^Plan " when the ^^ fulness of \ 
time'' shall come. J 

The present hrochure is but the preliminary to more elaborate I 
and consecutive histories of the Past, in which the knowledge of 5 
long-forgotten ages — of other and varied civilizations — will become % 
the common property of the Present. 5 

The data for these pre-historic biographies was given through the 6 
mediumship of James Cooper, M. D., of Bellefontaine^ Ohio, than g 
whom a more thoroughly educated gentleman, or a medium of more g 
numerous ^^ gifts" has rarely been known in the ranks of Spiritual- § 
ism. Should circumstances favor. Dr. Cooper will, ere long, devote J 
his great talent in mediumship to receiving from the ** Ancients" § 
the detailed histories they propose to give for future volumes. X 

Until now no Pre-historic and Ancient Spirits have ever been | 
manifested to the gaze of mortals in their personalities. In this 2 
way those composing this Band seek to win the attention of the f 
world, in order to extend their influences, and prepare the public ^ 
mind for the work they propose to inaugurate, which is to be con- | 
tinned in coming ages until the long looked for, and long prayed | 
for Millennial Period, shall become a living Reality. 




OOOOOOOOOOO<M>O<»OO<>OOOOO<M>OOOO<M>OO<»4»«»<£^4S<S<S<»<S<S^0OZ 



SPIRIT ART GALLERY. 



BIOGRAPHICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE. 



I.— YERMAH, CHIEF OF THE BAKD. 

A little more than 16,000 years ago a Continent existed, nearly centrally 
situated between the western coast of America and the eastern shore of Asia. 
This continent was 2,500 miles in extreme length, from north to south ; and | 
2,000 in i\: greatest breadth. It stretched from a considerable distance south ffl 
of the equator into the north temperate zone. The name of this continent ^ 
was Atlantis : of its capital city Atlanta, Yermah was an inhabitant. f 

With the exception of the mountainous regions, the continent was densely | 
inhabited by a highly civilized and intelligent people, devoted to the arts g 
and sciences, agriculture and religion. Its position upon the equator, and in ^ 
the temperate zone, with its ranges of snow-capped mountains, gave every a 
variety of climate and production. g 

Being a land then so old that its history was lost in myth, the people had ^ 
attained to a degree of culture and refinement unknown in any other 
part of the earth, and never surpassed, even to the present day. They had, 
from almost immemorial ages, grown out of a condition of war into the arts 
of peace, and the amenities of a genuine brotherhood. 

The Atlantians were a race of stalwart men and women — giants, they 
might be called. Seven-and-a-half to eight feet was the medium stature of 
the men, and from six to seven feet that of the women. 

Their dwellings were mostly of stone, elegant in external architectural 
orders, and rich in their interior furnishings and adornments. Their utensils 
were, among the higher and more wealthy classes, almost wholly made of the 
precious metals ; even those intended for culinary purposes being made of, or 
lined with silver. 

Atlanta, the capital, was located on a very large land-locked bay, situ- 
ated on the western shore, about midway of the continent, north and south. 
The city was built in circular form, of hewn and cut stone, marble and por- 
phyry. A large area in the centre contained the Palace of the Chief of State, 
together with the Government Buildings, and the Grand Temple, devoted to 
religious rites, presided over by the High Priestess Azelia. 

A broad circular avenue surrounded the space devoted to government and 
religious purposes, from which, like the spokes of a wheel, radiated the streets 
leading to the suburbs. At suitable distances were other circular avenues, 
ring after ring, reaching to the outer limits, and from each circular avenue 
radiated additional streets. The city, including its closely built-up suburbs, 
contained a million of people; to which the populous villages, within an easy 
distance, added several hundred thousand more. 




10 

The political and social structure of society was that of Caste; of which 
there were four, viz : 

1. The nobility, from which came the religious and moral teachers, who 
WKRK ALWAYS WOMEN J the secular and scientific teachers, who were men. 

2. The ariizana, and handicraft, or tradesmen ; comprising all those who 
were devoted to the fine arts, trades and mercantile pursuits — which were not 

^ restricted to sex. ^ 

p 3. The military, or defenders of the nation ; the supreme commanders of ^ 

S which were drawn from the men of the first class, but merit always promoted S 

^ ]»rivates from the ranks to higher grades in case of vacancies. ft 

f. 4. The laborers, which comprised agriculturists, sailors, fishermen and all ^ 

t other workers. f 

( Those of the fourth class could only be elevated by intermarriage with ^ 

|! women of the higher class, no law existing against such marriages ; for the ^ 

^1 women had the right to select husbands from their own or any lower class, f 

t but not from a higher, except by special edict, in which case the husband ^ 

£ descended to her class. £ 

k' When a husband was taken from a lower caste, he rose to, and became a d 

e member of the caste to which the wife belonged. ^ 

*| These castes correspond to, 1st, the Brahmin, or teachers ; 2d, the Vishn- ^ 

C' tryus, warriors, or defenders ; 3d, The Vishnus, merchants, tradesmen, etc. ; & 

i and 4th, the Sudras, or servants and laborers of India. The East Indians S 

i having received their civilization, education, arts, and even their written 
luiiL;uage from the Atlantiaus, in the course of time, however, modifying the 
castes, by elevating the third to the second, and reducing the second to the 



third, and by instituting a fifth class, called Pariahs. This was a poor and ft 
despised race, originating from a mixture of caste blood, which made it a ^ 
necessity, after having degenerated from Atlantian law, that the caste of the ^ 
husband follotced that of Ms wife ; which was the result of usurping the priestly fl 
functions by the men. 5 

The Temple of Atlanta, of which Azelia was the High Priestess, at the 
time to which our history relates, was a magnificent structure, devoted to the a 
worship of ONE GOD, the Creator and Euler of the Earth, and man. It was v 
square in form, and built of marble and porphyry of the purest white. The 
main entrance, facing East, was used by the High Priestess, her assistants, 
I and the members of the first caste. Except that this entrance was surmount- 
I ed by a large figure of the Sun, wrought in pure gold, it was precisely like 
S those facing the other cardinal points. The second caste entered at the 

western, the third at the southern, and the fourth at the northern portals. 
^ While the general religions belief was in one God, a universal controlling influ- 

1 ence and power, that could always be felt, but never seen, the Atlantiaus enter- 
e tained some peculiar notions in regard to the future life. They believed that 
i the Deity used the souls or spirits of the departed to do tlie work He desired 

to have done. They also believed that the very good among them — those 
who had lived upright and moral lives, been charitable, but above all, who 
had done something to ameliorate the condition of mankind, and advance them 
morally and intellectually — would be translated to the skies, and, as bright 
and beautiful stars, enjoy a never-ending happiness by giving light to the 
world they had once inhabited. 

They Avere possessed of many of the sciences, astronomy and astrology in 
j>articular ; had telescopes, not so large as those of the present day, but pos- 



• ^ 



t 11 t 

^ sessed of greater power ; were acquainted with steari) as a motor, but did not J[ 
f use it to the same extent that we do. ^ 

a Monogamy was the law ; and it was considered a crime for a man to have ^ 

more than one wife, or prove unfaithful to his marital vows. Education wns f 
compulsory ; but the lower classes were only compelled to acquire the leain- ^ 
ing necessary to their coudithui in life. If so <lesired, however, they could, ^ 
jiud were assisted to obtain all the knowledge they wanted. Their military ^ 
establishment was small, and only for defence. No wars were waged for con- $ 
J quest or subjugation, for which, indeed, the isolation of the nation gave no 2 
^ oci asion. They were a mild and peaceable people, deprecating bloodshed, and y 
never taking life except iu self defense. Crimes were rare, and were punish- 
ed by degrading the criminal to a lower caste, from which he could rise g 
again by meritorious conduct. A repetition of crime was punished by banish- S 
ment, from which there was no return inside of live years ; and only then on ^ 
restitution and re2)aratiou being made by the relatives of the criminal, and by g 
giviug guarantee of his future good behavior. ^ 

Murder was very rare, but when committed, the criminal was exposed in g 
the publiv. streets, dressed in a blood-red garment, a certain number of days, | 
and then sent into banishment for life, on one of the inhospitable islands ^ 
then lying some distance to the north of the main land. ^ 

Cotton and flax were cultivated, and textile fabrics of fine quality and a 
great boauty manufactured ; but pure white was the color most preferred for 8 
garments, though, in the case of the wealthy, the dress was frequently orna- ^ 
men ted with gold and silver stars. Rings for the fingers and ears were worn, A 
frequently by both sexes ; bracelets and anklets, with finely wrought chains 
for the neck, by the women. Precious stones were also cut and set in them. 
Diamonds were verjj" rare, but the ruby, emerald, opal, topaz, carbuncle, 
amethyst, pearls,, etc., were abundant. 

The Atlantiaus had flocks of sheep, herds of cattle, horses, goats, and 
domestic fowls. 

They cultivated rice, wheat, barley, rye, millet, corn, beans, melons and 
other vegetables. Of fruits they had peaches, apples, pears, apricots, grapes, 
etc., belonging to the temperate zone ; and oranges, lemons, bananas, pine- 
apples, and other tropical productions ; for, while a portion of their country 
was under the equator, another portion extended into the temperate zone. In 
fact, within two days journey of their capital, were snow-capped mountain 
peaks — consequently all climates within that <listance. 

Yermah belonged to the second class, or caste. He was a worker in the 
metals, of which gold, silver and copper were the only ones iu general use. 
While iron was not unknown, little use was made of it, for the reason that it 
was considered base and inferior. All implements of husbandry, tools, and 
weapons were made of copper, which, by a process now unknown, was hard- 
ened to a degree that equalled, or excelled iu keeness and durability of edge 
the finest steel manufactories of the present day. This "Lost Art "may yet 
be given to the world, although for it the need has long since passed away. 
By marriage with the High Priestess, Azelia, who had the right to choose her 
husband from either of the four castes, Yermah at once became elevated to 
the highest class ; y^et he still continued his business as a metallurgist. 

As Atlantis was surrounded by the ocean, and teemed with population, 
the number who devoted themselves to maritime pursuits was large and adven- 
turous. Intimate commercial relations existed with the Asian continent, to 



€S^^'0=®'0^=^0€>S=S=^=®=@'@=@=®=^'€S=^-S=®=OS=@=^=S=0=S=S=@'®=0^>0^'2 



12 

which emigration had tended for centuries; and upon the people of which the 
Atlantian laws, language, and social institutions were engrafted. The 
immense consumption of the jirecious metals during past ages, had virtually 
exhausted the mines of Atlantis, and many expeditions were therefore made 
for the purpose of new discoveries, and to obtain new supplies. In one of 
these, the vessel, getting out of the influence of the regular winds, was 

caught in a violent and long-continued storm, from the west and northwest, $ 

driven out of its course, and carried, by currents, to the shores of the Ameri- (^ 

can continent, .it a point on the coast of Central America. Here,, landing to § 

refit ;nul obtain fresh provisions, the adventurous mariners were astonished S 

to And i»lenty of gold in possession of the savages. Kindly received by the ^ 

confiding natives, and treating them kindly in return, the Atlantians were '| 

able to obtain all that the country could supply, including considerable ^ 

quantities of the desired precious metal. Returning to their own land, the f 

report of their discovery was received with the deepest interest by every ^ 

class of the population. ^ 

The return of this first expedition to a strange land, alike with their own, ^ 

beautiful in scenery, and unlike iu abounding in gold and silver, stimulated ^ 

other expeditions to the El Dorado. Of one of these, fitted out by the Gov- ® 

ernmeiit, on a larger scale as to ships and men, Yermah was placed in com- ^ 

mand. The voyage was speedy and pleasant, and yielded a rich return for ^ 

the venture. Soon settlements were established, and the explorations north- x 

ward to what is now California. ^ 

These were the first coloyiies of civilized jjeople planted upon this eontinent; but ^ 

they were not then considered as permanent, for it was a belief of the Atlan- ^ 

tians, as it is of the Chinese of the present day, that, to be happy hereafter, &, 

they must be buried in their own land. They only came to work the rich % 

mines of gold, silver and copper, which they were so well skilled in fashion- ^ 

ing into beautiful ornaments, sacred vessels for their temples, and utensils for a 

household use. f 

After a time, as the colonists increased, and the settlements became h 

extended and organized, explorations to the farther interior were made. One X 

of these parties, with Yermah at its head, discovered the copper mines on y 

Lake Superior, which were successfully worked for several years. And now ^ 

occurred a convulsion of nature, terrible in its effects, which changed the i 

entire face of the Earth. Darkness shrouded the land in deepest gloom, for © 

the space of a week or more — the clouds, like a pall, shutting out the sun ; a 

vivid lightnings flashed; thunders pealed and re-echoed from mountain to ? 

mountain ; earth trembled ; and oceans were in fierce agitation. Human 6 

beings, and the brute creation, were rendered frantic, or stupefied by terror ; % 

the lower animals coming to man for protection from impending danger. At ¥ 

last the convulsions became so violent that solid earth rocked and reeled like (jj 

a vessel in a storm at sea. Many of the Atlantians, together with the aborig- T 

2 nal inhabitants, were swallowed up in great openings of the earth's crust ; » 

but the larger number escaped. ^ 

This awful cataclysm caused great changes, especially in the mineral £ 

districts of the Pacific; some hills and mountains having sunken, while others 6 

were thrown up. The rivers were filled with the overflowing lava, and new ,jj, 

channels form^.d to the sea. As soon as possible after the terrible convulsions ''? 

of the earth had ceased and qniet was restored, Yermah fitted out Ihe only ii» 

vessel that had escaped destruction, and dispatched it to Atlantis. After a ^ 



13 

long absence, it returnad to report that the parent Continent had disap- 
peared — sunken beneath the blue waters of ocean, leaving but a few barren 
peaks of the mountains, but not a living soul! 

Atlantis was submerged — its millions of inhabitants had perished, and 
only those who were upon the American and Asian continents were left of all 
its people. 

Much discouraged, and believing that the Deity was ftngry with them, 
the Atlantians, for a time, gave up to despair. The entire number composing 
the colonies in America were hardly one thousand. Of these all belonged to 
the second, third and fourth castes, except Yermah and Atyarrah — the 
latter commanding the small military force that accompanied the expedition. 

These two were interdicted from marrying outside of their own caste ; 
but Orondo, who headed the lower class, with his fellows, was advised by 
Yermah to intermarry with the natives, and introduce their civilization and 
the arts, while he and Atyarrah would devote themselves to teaching, and 
building works of defence, and erecting Temples. 

Fro^i this Baud of Atlantians, with Yermah, Atyarrah and Orondo as 
leaders and teachers, sprang the civilization which has perpetuated itself in 
the Mounds, Earth-works, Temples and other Grand Structures — ruins of 
which, from the great lakes in the north, to Peru in the south, have been the 
enigma of antiquarians since the Genoese navigator re-discovered the conti- 
nent, 400 years ago. For ten thousand years, or more, the descendants of 
these men held sway, and from the shores of the America of to-day went forth 
the formidable invasions of Europe and Africa, of which Plato received from 
the Egyptians some faint knowledge, which even in that early time became 
more a myth than history. And, in memory of the parent Continent, they 
called this the New Atlantis. 

Here, in what is now California, was passed the last days of Yermah and 
his co-workers, and here were they buried — having inaugurated a new nation 
more powerful in its after development than was the old. 

In the lapse of time this grand civilization and power, pressed upon by 
savage northern tribes, gradually receded — yet for long ages retained a foot- 
hold in Central America, and farther south, where buried cities of vast extent 
in the unbroken wilderness, attest their wonderful enterprise. When America 
was again discovered from the east, by Columbus, all that remained of the 
Atlantian sway was the degenerate civilization of the Mexicans and Peruvians 
— Marco Capac being the last descendant of the Aucient Race. 

It is promised, when couditions are favorable, that a more detailed History 
will be given of Events, trom the first settlement to the decadence of the At- 
lantian Power on this Continent, and of the relation it bore to Europe before 
the convulsion. That Europe, A'^ia and Africa were visited from the New 
Atlantis is a fact and not a myth ; but only iu India, where their civiliza- 
tion had already obtained a foothold, were they welcomed. It was from India 
that the civilization of Egypt and Ethiopia was derived ; and records of 
Atlantis, Old aud New, were preserved in the Alexandrian Library — until 
destroyed by the spirit of religious intolerance after the birth of Christianity. 

WHAT HISTORY SAYS OF ATLANTIS. 
In Plato's Timceus Atlantis is spoken of as an Island situated beyond (or 
west of) the Pillars of Hercules, the modern Gibraltar; and in extent sur- 
passing both Asia and Africa together. 



14 

Critias profesBes to have lieaid the account from his grandfather, who 
hail it from Solon ; and the latter from Egyptian priests under whom 
he studied. 

The account states that the vast Island of Atlantis was governed by a 
race of mighty conquerors, who subdued all Africa as fnr as Egypt, and all 
Europe as far as the Tuscan Sea. In succeeding ages Atlantis was sunken in 
the ocean by a prodigious earthquake. 

Marcelliuius affirms that the account recorded by Plato is no fable; and 
Plato's first interpreter, Grantor, considers it as a true history. Diodorus 
Siculus says that the Phenicians, sailing beyond the Pillars of Hercules, were 
carried by storms and tempests far to the west, till they fell in with a vast 
Island, having navigable rivers and a fruitful soil. This Island, and the 
Atlantis of Plato, was the Continent of America. Butfon, and other natu- 
ralists, deem it probable that such an Island or Continent as Plato speaks of 
did actually exist ; and that the Azores and Tenerifife are summits of the 
mountains of the submerged Continent. Plato says Atlantis was settled 
by Neptune, whose son Atlas, from whom it derived its name,- subsequently 
divided it among his ten sons, who reigned over it, in direct succession, for 
9,000 years, when it sunk beneath the sea. 
§ So much for history. 

As a valuable testimony from the Spirit World we give an extract from 

S Peeble's "Letters of Travel," No. 4, published in the Banner of Light, Feb. 
<> 1st, 1873: 

"Sept. 18th. Aaron Nite, again controlling (the medium, Dr. Dunn), 
said : ' There is a band of explorers with us. They are properly naturalists. 
Some of them are very aucient spirits. * * * We are now passing over 
the ruins of a grand old city, with vast suburban forests. The petrified rem- 
nants indicate a resemblance to the mammoth trees of California. They 
Avere an enlightened race. The people lived in stone houses, and were en- 
S giiged in mechanical and pastoral pursuits. Thei/ ivere the inogenitors of your 
H American Mfiund-huilders. * * The sinking of the (new) Atlantis Continent 
^ 9,000 (13,000) years before the Platonian period, as mentioned by Plato, Solon, 
5 and the Egyptian priests is no myth.' " 

— India was visited, and the Atlantian civilization introduced, three cen- 

5 turies before the accidental discovery of America. At that time Ceylon was 
V attached to the Asian main-land. The same convulsion that submerged Atlan- 

tis severed Ceylon and made it an island. The name by which. Ceylon is 

1 known to the natives, to this day, is " Lantla," after an Atlantian who was 
there at the time, and who, after the convulsion, Avent to India, where he was 
regarded as their giant King. 

5 It seems that since our Band commenced to give their portraits, some five 

years ago, ethnologists have given more than usual attention to the question 

5 of the probable origin of the civilization of the American continent. Bat 

all is, and of necessity must be, mere speculation, until the true history 

A shall be given through the return of intelligent spirits who were actors in 

S that period. 

Among the latest contributions to archaeology, are the lectures of Mr. 

S Auiphion Gates, delivered at Dorchester, Mass., in the winter of the present 

5 year. The last of the series of the course comprehended an account of the 

A various theories in regard to the settlement of this western hemisphere. That 

X of Cosmos, in the l.')th century, was, that " a land existed beyond the ocean that 



15 



«? 

touched the walls of Heaveu" ; that man was created there, and that Koah 

S Avas carried by the Ark to the Eastern continent. 

2 As Cosmos had been a traveler in Asia, it is thought that he got his idea 

of a traus-oceanic world from the Chinese, who visited America in the begin- 

^ ning of the Christian Era, as did also the Japanese, according to evidence 

^ found in an ancient EncycJopedia of the latter country. 

«? This is corroborated by traditions of the ancient Mexicans, that men from 
^ beyond the sea came hither to trade. Mr. Gates discussed the theory that 
^ mau came to America by way of the Islands of the Pacific ; showed the rela- 
te tioiis of the ancient Peruvian and the Malayan languages ; quoted the story ^ 
£ of the Egyptian priest to Solon, the Athenian law-giver, that westward from $ 
the Pillars of Hercules (Gibraltar) was once a vast region, called Atlantis, in- § 
g) habited by a civilized and powerful people, who endeavored at one blow to 
^ conquer northern Africa and southern Europe, but were repulsed by the 
ft Greeks of a remote age ; and that, finally, in one night the vast continent of 
^ Atlantis sunk in the ocean, leaving the Western Islands and the West Indies 
^ as sole nemnants above water. 
ft The large work embracing the History of Old and the New Atlantis — | 
f Avhicli will in due time be published — will give the only authentic data in g 
ft regard to the settlement of this Continent, but now briefly alluded to in the 
^ biographical sketch of Termah. x 
^ It will, doubtless, be sneered at by many, will convince many, interest § 
^ still a greater number, and arouse a spirit of research that will lead to a veri- ^ 
^ fication of Our History, and jilace Mediumship and Spiritualism many rounds $ 
ft higher on the ladder of ethnological and archaeological science than it at ^ 
(j) present occupies. X 



ft RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS.— CREATION OF THE WORLD. I 

t I 

Z The Atlantians were taught, in their traditions, or myths, of the creation g 

ft of man, that the male was first created by the Great Spirit, and that he was S 

ft alone for along time in a beautiful garden, which he was instructed how to a 

I cultivate. The Great Spirit finally created for him a female companion, but f 

ft forbid, under penalty of perpetual banishment, cohabitation for the period of ft 

^ two years. Overcome by passion, however, they violated the interdict, being $ 

^ tempted first by a fallen angel. The guilty consciousness of their transgres- h 

ft siou made them ashamed of their nakedness, and they made themselves aprons 

^ o^ palm leaves, and hid from the Spirit when he came into the garden. For 

ft their disobedience they were not cursed, but turned out ; the Spirit telling the 

^ woman that in sorrow and in pain she should bring forth children. This pair 

1^ after their ejection from the garden, were placed upon Atlantis, and were the 

ft j)i^ogenitors of the race of Atlantians. It was not believed that these two 

^ were the parents of the whole human race, but were taught that there were 

ft seven races of men, and that they all had a similar origin — each race beinsr § 

ft ' *" ft 

fii adapted to the portion of the globe he was to inhabit. ^ 

^ The similarity of this tradition of the Atlantians, as above given by the ^ 

ft High Priestess Azelia, to that in the Mosaic cosmogony, will not fail to a'ttract d 

(jt) the attention of the reader. It is not unlikely that the religious ideas of the x 

^ civilized races of to-day are almost w^holly derived from the Atlantians, and \ 

ft now exist in modified forms; and that these ideas were taken by the Egyp- ^ 

h liau priests, from the records preserved in tine Alexandrian Library, or which ex- f 



16 

isted iu anterior collections of papyra;, and >vith which Moses, educated by and 
among them, was perfectly conversant. 



II.— ADEHL. 



About 8,000 years ago, when India was in her prime; when the arts and 
sciences flourished there, as they have never flourished since; before idol- wor- 
ship had become the rule, instead of the exception, there lived a man whose 
whole life — and it was a long one — was devoted to study and scientific research, 
for the most part in seclusion fi'om the busy scenes of social and business life. 
This man was Adehl, who was born a Brahmin, or teacher, to which class 
was confined, by custom and law, the higher branches of learning. Being 
naturally of a studious turn of mind, he soon acquired all the knowledge the 
wisest Brahmins were able to impart. Still thirsting for more than the wisest 
could teach, Adehl provided himself with all the chemical apparatus, mate- 
rials and manuscripts, treating upon scientific and occult subjects, which were 
known at that day, and with these he betook himself to a cave in the moun- 
tain side, not far removed from civilization, where he pursued his experimen- 
tal labors for a series of years ; his grand object being the discovery of an 
agont by which human life might be indefinitely prolonged. 

Years passed away, while Adehl still intently occupied himself in the pur- 
suit of his favorite ideal. His locks and beard became frosted with age, and 
though many valuable discoveries were made by him in chemistry and natu- 
ral philosophy, yet success seemed to be as far distant as at the first. Pon- 
dering deeply upon the subject of his labors, the thought came to him that 
what he wanted, and had thus far failed to find, was not an agent to renew 
the system, but one that' would assist nature in Tceeping up nutrition. "For," 
said he, " as man grows old, the action of the heart becomes more feeble, the 
blood circulates sluggishly, thereby failing to carry the necessary elements 
to the parts requiring them — often depositing the heavier liiatter, that should 
be distributed to the whole length of the bone, in the joints, causing ossifica- 
tion ; and, therefore, in the event of no disease setting in, death must ensue 
simply because the forces of nature are exhausted.^' 

Acting upon this idea, hia further efforts were crowned with success, 
when he was 80 years of age ; and the long sought aqua vit^— known in 
later times by its chemical term. Elixir Vitce — became a scientific fact. Our 
portrait of Adebl shows him as he was at the time of his grand discovery. By 
the use of the Aqua Vitce, the marks of age no longer multiplied upon him, 
neither was there any decadence in his mental or physical powers during the 
remainder of his life, which contiued for one hundred years later. 

The circumstances of his death were as follows : The ruling Eajah died, 
leaving a son iu his minority as his successor. An uncle of the boy set up a 
claim to the throne, and endeavored by force of arms to seize it. He and his 
followers were defeated, and fled to the mountains, closely pursued by the 
Government forces. A portion of them, together with their leader, took ref- 
uge in AdehFs cave. Here they were discovered by the jvursuing forces, and 
everyone found within the cave was put to death — Adehl among the num- 
ber. Thus perished jit the age of 180 years, the Sage and Philosopher, and 
witb him his secret of the Elixir of Life ; but it is promised that it is to be 
given again to the world, when man is ready to receive and make proper use 
ofit. 



17 
III.— AEBACES. 



IA\— ATYARRAH. 

^ A citizen of Atlantis, of the highest caste. He was commander of the 

h small military force which accompanied the Government expedition to this 

continent under Yermah, and was with him when Atlantis was sank. He was 

1 skilled in military science and engineering, and, under his direction, the ear- 
ft liest earthworks were constructed for defence against the savages, the re- 

1 mains of which are in a good state of preservation in the Mississippi Valley. 
k Belonging to the first caste, it was unlawful for him to marry a woman be- 
(») neath him ; therefore he could only assist in the civilizing process, and in in- 

2 troducing the sciences as then understood hy the Atlantiaus, among the 
^ uati\'^e tribes on this continent. 

^ As the equal in caste, and the intimate associate and counsellor of Yer- 

MAH, the history of Atyarrah is comprised in that of the former, so that, at 

(5 this time, a more personal sketch is omitted, bnt will be embraced in a 

Z future work. 



An Egyptian Priest and philosopher, of the age of, and contemporary with , S 
Moses. Arbaces was twenty year^- old when Moses was born, and promises to Z 
give hereafter, for publication, the History of the celebrated Hebrew law- 6 
giver, /rom before Ids hirih till his flight from Egypt 5 a brief sketch of which, ^ 
at this time, may bo interesting to many. > ^ 

Moses (called Misisin Egyjit) was not a Hebrew, but really an Egyptian, i 
and the veritable son of the King's daughter, his father being a priest of Isis, a 
Hermes by name. The Princess was in the habit of attending regularly at the ^ 
Temple, where she always met Hermes. They beca me enamored of each other, ^ 
and it was discovered in time that she was pregnant. $ 

Hermes proposed to her that she should make a vow, in the presence of d 
her father, that, for religious purposes, she would retire to the Temple for five | 
months, seeing no one for that period except those connected Avith it. Her- g 
mes intended that the infant should be destroyed when born, but it proved to A 
be amale^ and the mother-love was so strong that she would not j^ermit it to x 
be done. The priest then proposed that, on a certain day (after she had left 
the Temple), the child should bo placed in abasketof rushes, among the lillies 
on the banks of the Nile, just after the rising of the sun, and that the Princess 
with her attendants should, apparently by accident, xiass that way and dis- 
cover it. This plan was put into execution, as designed, and the child 
"was adopted as her oivn'^ by the Princess, and called her own, as in fact 
it was. A 

Arbaces was of an age at this time to be, and he was, well acquainted S 
with the facts. He did not leave the sphere of physical existence until after ft 
Misis (Moses) had left Egypt. g 

At a future time he will explain naich that is now incomprehensible to ^ 
theologians; and, among other things, will show the modus operandi of the 
wonderful works (called miracles), done by Aaron and the Magicians 
of Egypt. 

Arbaces was almost a dwarf; but he Avas among the most profoundly 
learned men of Egypt in his day — making up in the grandeur of his intellec- 
tual acquirements for the deficiency in physical size and proportion. 



18 

v.— ORONDO. 

Boru in the fourth, or working casto of the Atlantiaus, Orondo, by indus- 
try and close application, bccamo an expert in mining and tlie reduction 
of ores. His stature Avas eight feet, Avliicli gave him a most commanding 
l)reseuce. 

As the right hand man of Ykhmah, on this continent, his position Avas 
that of Superintendent, overseeing the gangs of workmen employed both in 
mining and building. 

When Atlantis disappeared beneath the Avavos, cutting off the few hun- 
dreds of Avorkmon and soldiers, then comprising the scattered settlements on 
this continent, from the sui)plies they AA-ere accustomed to receive from the 
mother country, Yekmah advised him and his fellows to intermarry Avith the 
natives, and introduce their own civilization, arts and religion, among them. 

Not being bound by the laAV of caste, as Avcre Yermah and Atyarrah, this 
adA'ice Avas in due time acted upon. 

This continent at that time Avas populated by saA^age races, the in-ogeni- 
tors of the Indians of our day; some — the more northern tribes — wild and no- 
madic ; others, farther down the coast, Avere semi-civilized in habit, and less 
warlike in disposition. 

The ceremonies attending the intermarriage of these diverse races Avereboth 
uui(iue and interesting. Notices were sent out to the neighboring tribes, in- 
forming them that the Atlantians desired to form alliances Avith them ; Avhen 
the Tlascans, Toltecs and Aztecs, after considering the proposition in Grand 
Councils of their nations, determined to accept the same. The young AA'omeu 
Avere consecpiently assembled together from the different villages, and a mes- 
sage returned to the Atlantians to come and make their own selections. 

This, hoAYCA'er, being in contraA^entiou of the Atlantian law, Avhich gaA'e 
the woman the 7'ight to choose her husband, a counter proposal Avas made by 
Y'ekmah that the Indian maidens should choose from among the men those 
they fancied, or thought most suitable for companions. This the chiefs of 
the tribes opposed, as a too radical innovation upon natiA'^e custom. 

A delay of seA^eral days took place, Avhile the proposal and counter pro- 
posal were debated between the parties, AA^hen the native Chiefs accepted 
Yermah's plan. 

The Atlantians Avere formed in three open lines, facing the East, AA'heu 
seven maidens of the TZascajis passed along the front rank, each choosing her 
mate; or, if not found in that rank, then repassing between the first and 
second, or second and third, till all Avere supplied. Then a like delegation 
of seven Toltcc maidens, folioAved by one of the Aztecs; alternating between 
these three native nations until every man had a wife, except Yermah and 
Atyarrah, who steadfastly refused to violate the law of their land, though 
long pressed by tlie Indian Chiefs so to do. 

'J'he ncAvs of the alliance of the Atlantians Avith the three nations, caused 
a very bitter jealousy on the part of the Avilder tribes, because they Avere not 
included in it ; and for some time a bloody Avar seemed imminent. A pacifi- 
cation of this hostile feeling Avas, however, effected by the A'olunteering of a 
l)ortion of the Atlantians to reside among these Avild tril)e8 for a i)ortion of 
each year, and give them the same advantages of instruction in the arts of 
f civilized life. 

6 The condition of peace Avas not always maintained, and more than once 

^ the infant civilization was nearly blotted out by the combined enemies — war 

.^ ^ 



19 g 



VI.— IklAZALEEL. 
One of tlie high priests of the Magi, in Nineveh. The priests of the Tem- 
ple were 72 in nnmber ; 70 subordinate and 2 high — 72 being a sacred number 
in tlie Magian religion, as it was afterwards in the Jewish. He was a learned 



and pestilence. But of these struggles, which resulted in the founding of ^ 
populous and powerful empires, covering the continent from the northern to $ 
the southern zones, and far to the eastward, over the ];ortion that was sub- 
merged some thousands of years later, ample and consecutive details will here- a 
after be published, in a separate volume. V 

To Orondo was given, by reason of his gigantic stature and his great i 
intellectual and mechanical acquirements, the position of leader of the peo- % 
pie, and he became the progenitor of the race who, after his death, built the dt 
TrmiMZi, or Mounds, and who are now known l)y the name of " The Mound ^ 
Builders." ^ 

In " prospecting " for mines, and esjiecially for copper — which was the d 
most useful of the metals in the manufacture of tools and domestic utensils — g 
Orondo discovered, and at favorable seasons of the year, worked the copper 5 
deposits in the Lake Supeiior region, where exist to this day unmistakable a 
evidences of ancient skill. The working party was a numerous one, composed 5 
of Atlantian miners and their native allies ; the whole commanded by Oronto, S 
an Atlarft'an of the first caste. 

This man was tyranical in his control, and greatly over-worked his men. 
The consequence was a revolt or mutiny, in which he was killed. Orondo, 
the subject of this sketch, as most competent and popular, was chosen as 
Chief in his place. 

As one of the remarkable tests of the identUij of this Spirit we give the 
following description of him, taken from a letter of Dr. Cooper, dated at 
Bellefontaine, Ohio, March 3d, J 871. At the very time this letter was written 
and mailed, Mr. Anderson was iaking the portrait in San Francisco. Let the 
reader carefully compare the likeness of Oroxdo with this clairvoyant 
description of him by the medium 2,000 miles distant : 

" There is a large spirit, almost a giant, who belonged to the same country 
and people with Yermah (there were many such in that country), some of them 
over eight feet in height), whom I have seen several times, but until to-day 
not very distinctly. His features are massive, but regular and full of kind- 
ness. He wears no beard, but his hair is long and nearly straight, and his 
nose large and finely cut, except that it is a little too fleshy at the angles. He 
was both a miner and worker in copper, gold and silver, and thoroughly 
understands the whole of the processes necessary in reducing and refining. I 
can not get the name of the giant, though he has tried to give it to me. It 
is something like Orondo — yes, that is the name. He had great execu- 
tive capacity, and large experience in metallurgy (at least for that time), and 
has been adding to his store of knowledge ever since. He waves his hand 
and streams of light flow from his fingers. He speaks : 'All men are Gods, 

AND have each A UNmSRSE TO SUPERINTEND AND CONTROL THEMSELVES. 

Unbounded wealth and fabulous power are his by birth right ; but 

IGNORANCE AND WANT OF FaITH IN HIS OWN STRENGTH, PREVENT HIM FROM 

ATTAINING TO THEM.' What a commanding presence he has, and how his 
noble countenance glows as he speaks !'' 



20 

inau, and skilled in all the occult sciences, having visited India and Egypt in his 
younger days, for the purpose of acquiring all the knowledge possessed by the 
Priests, Philosophers and Sages of those highly civilized lands. 

He returned to Nineveh, his native city, a few years prior to the first siege 
by Cyaxares, whose reign began in 633 B. C, and who was compelled to raise 
the siege in consequence of threatened danger in his own kingdom of Persia, 

Mazaleel, and the other Magian Priests, prophesied the fall of Nineveh, 
and made an eflort to put a stop to the worship of the ivinged hull, and other 
Gods — warning the people that total annihilation as a people would be their 
portion unless they turned to the worship of Ormuzd, the true God, whose 
symbols Avere the Sun by day, and the Sacred Fire by night. All the knowl- 
edge possessed by these learned Magi, in natural and occult magic, was used 
to convince the people. 

But they continued obdurate and stubborn, believing that their gods of 
stone and metal were as powerful as Ormuzd, and able to protect them. 

The Magian Priests then proposed leaving the city; but this was opposed 
by Mazaleel, who, as a native and true believer, declared his resolution to 
remain and share its fate with the people. Happily he did not live until the 
second siege by Cyaxares, which resulted in the downfall and total destruc- 
tion of Nineveh — having died of disease some three years before that event. 
He was 59 years of age at the time of his death, nearly one half of Avhich period 
was devoted to asceticism, and the pursuit of occult knowledge. 

The Magians were not worshippers of the Sun and Fire, but of One God — 
who could not be seen. The Sun was the Symbol of Deity, which by fructify- 
ing the earth, and causing it to bring forth verdure, blossoms and fruits, 
represented the beneficent and loving character of God to his children. 

Fire was regarded as a lesser symbol, and was kept constantly burning in 
the Temples, as also in the caves, or subterranean Temples — which latter were 
the places of meeting of the Magi, none being allowed to enter except those 
who had j)assed through the mysteries of the three initiations of Fire, Water 
and Air ; of which some account will be given hereafter. 



Vn.— HASSAN AL MESCHID. 

Cambyses succeeded his father, Cyrus the Great, on the Persian throne, 
in the year B, C. 633. He is the Ahasuerus of Scripture, at whose gates sat 
the mendicant Mordecai, to whom the Prime Minister, Haman, exhibited so 
great a dislike. King Cambyses was a most ruthless and cruel monarch. lu 
his invasion of Egypt he desecrated the sacred monuments, slew the god Apis, 
and devastated the country. Penetrating Ethiopia, his army met with great 
disasters; and in his rage therefore, and in a frenzy of jealousy, he -put his 
brother SimudLs to death. These eccentricities of Cambyses caused an insur- 
rection among his officers ; and in the confusion Hassan al Meschid (aided 
by the Magi, who wished to obtain control of the government), had himself 
declared King — representing himself as Smerdis, the brother of Cambyses. 
The insurrectionary portion of the officers, army and people espoused the 
cause of Hassan, under his assumed name ; but when the imi)osition was dis- 
covered they dethroned and slew him. 

Hassan was one of the wisest of the Magi, a philosopher and astrologer, 
and would undoubtedly have made a better ruler than the cruel Cambyses. 
He was but 48 years old at the time of his death. The vail, as represented in 



21 

the portrait, is never Avorn by the Persian kings, but indicates the character 
of Hassan as a Parsee, or Magian Priest. It is a most beautiful illusion, which 
few painters can equal. 



VIII.- ABD EL KADER 

Liyed about 1500 B. C. He was a direct descendant of Ishmael, and led 
a wandering life as Chief of a tribe " whose hands were against every man's;" 
now in Ethiopia, robbing the natives, not alone of flocks and herds, but 
carrying oif many of the people to be sold into Egyptian bondage ; again in 
Egypt, plundering all the valuables they could lay their hands upon, and 
fleeing to one or the other of the Oases in the Lybian Desert to enjoy their 
spoils. Returning from these marauding expeditions to the Arabian deserts, 
Abd El Kader engaged in robbing travelers and caravans, taking prisoners 
and holding them for ransom ; or, the ransom failing, letting them go, for 
blood was rarely shed by these nomadic people, excc^jt in actual combat. This 
Chief often made sudden attacks upon walled cities — sweeping down upon 
them and carrying off wealthy or influential personages to be held for large 
ransom. He was particularly severe upon the Egyptians, who held his bro- 
thers, the Israelites, in bondage. 

Abd El Kader, unlike many of the Arab chieftans of our day, had ob- 
tained a good education for that age from an Egyptian priest who, for cause, 
had fled from Karnak, and who had fallen in with him when quite young, 
and remained with him during his life. This priest also took charge 
of and educated the sons of Abd El Kader, one of whom (Ibraham) was the 
first to make chemical experiments, and was, probably, the father of Arabian 
chemistry — which, with the exception of India, was the earliest school of that 
science. Abd El Kader was killed at the age of 48, near Thebes, a year or two 
before the departure of Moses and the Israelites from Egypt. He left three 
sons. 



IX.— GAUTAMA. 



The story of Buddha, the great Reformer and Founder of a Religion that 
numbers to day from one-fourth to one-third of the human race, is more 
interesting than any romance. His real name was Gautama, or Sakya Muni, 
as we choose between two family names ; sometimes also called Siddartha, 
" he by whom the end is accomplished," and finally he was called Buddha, 
"the Enlightened," as Jesus is called '•' the Christ." 

Gautama — the Buddha — was born about 557 years before Christ. He was 
the son of Raja, King of Kapilavastu, a province near the foot of the Hima- 
laya mountains. As a boy he was beautiful and brilliant ; as a youth, remark- 
able for candor and contemplation ; as a King's son, reared in the midst of 
luxury. At the age of 16 he was consecrated as Prince Royal by the pouring 
of water upon his head, and was married — his wife being the accomplished 
Princess Gopa. Being reproached at this time by some of his relatives for 
too much self indulgence, he confounded them all by requesting to be exam- 
ined in the sciences as then studied, and passed a triumphant examination. 

Great care was taken by the King, his father, to keep from Gautama all 
painful sights, on the jjrinciple that ignorance of sorrow is bliss ; but when 






22 



ds 



driving one day, he saw an oZd wmn, for the iirst time iu his life. When lie ^ 
contemplated that "to this complexion must Ave all come at last," ho l>egiui ^ 
to think life was a burden aiid Jiot a boon, and he returned to the palace s:ul © 
of heart. Again, on another occasion, he saw a man suffering under some f 
6 loathsome disease, and a third time he saw a corpse. 

I The profound impression each of these sights produced upon his mind ® 

S made the King very anxious; so to keep out other unpleasant objects, a 9 
ft numerous guard was placed around the palace. But this precaution did not ^ 
5 suflice to keep out an ascetic, whom the Prince one day saw walking in the $ 

grounds. 

1 Though a Prince, and a proud Brahmin of the highest caste, from thai a 
I moment Gautama resolved to cast aside his royal attire, free himself fi-om the ¥ 
© Brahminical yoke of caste, and devote himself to a religious life. With this ^ 
^ purpose in view, lie caused himself to be driven to all the places wherein he § 
© had formerly sought his pleasures, to take a silent leave of them. 6 
^ News was brought to him that the Princess, his wife, had borne him a I 
S son. " That is .a new and a strong tie for me to break,'* said he. In the night, z 
h before he left the palace, ho went to the apartments of his wife. The young S 
^ mother lay asleep, her arm over the head of her child. " To see my son," said ^ 

1 the Prince, " I must remove the mother's arm ; both will awake, a.nd 3ny ^ 
^ resolution will vanish." He turned away, closed the door, left the palace, a 
^ and rode away into the open country, refusing to look back ; sending back 1 

his royal robes and putting on the coarse dress of a recluse, he from that time, ^ 
for six years, refused all fare better than that given to beggars, living a life X 
of penance. ^ 

It was at this time i}\at the great central princix)les which. Buddhists call 
the " Four Great Truths," or "The Wheel of the Law," was revealed, to him. 
The first great truth is the Evidence of Pain ; the second, the Source of Pain 
— unregulated, desires ; the third, the Destruction of Pain — control of these 
desires ; the fourth, the Means to Destroy Pain — that is. Virtue. 

The law of Buddha revolves incessantly iu this Ei'.diess Wheel, presenting 
always in succession these four ^loints to the contemplation of the faithful. 

According to the general tradition, Buddha began to preach at the age of 
35, and x^reached for 45 years, and died at 80. When his ministry first began, 
he fimnd that his work Avas not to be a religious one only, but to inaugurate 
a great social reform — the desti'uction of Caste. It was by disregarding all 
ft the terrible hazards imposed bj- the Brahminical Lavf of Caste, that he made 
S war against it. Indeed, it is almost impossible for us to conceive the social 
Q range which Buddha traA^ersed, when he stepped down from the palace and 
S became a mendicant, and the companion of mendicants. He received his disci- 
V pies from all castes alike — utterly ignoring them — and women as Avell as men. 

2 WhercA'cr Buddhism has spread, it has elevated the condition of woman. 
2 In Burmah and Siam it is one of almost complete equality Avith man ; the 
© companions of men, not their slaves. Mrs. Leon Owens, Avho passed eighteen 

years iu Siam and other Easlei-n countries, declares that the Buddhist women 
are superior to any other Avomen of the East; are moral, modest and self- 
doA^oted. 

It has been questioned which type of character is the more noble in a 
Reformer ; to step u]>, or to stei> down ; to overcome the drawbacks of an 
humble origin, or set aside the temptations of a higher one ; for a carpenter's 
son to enthrone himself in intluence above that of Kings, or for a King's son 



I 23 

ito renounce his throne, adopt the garb and life of a beggar, and thus over- 
throw all caste. It is remarkable that these two types of character are so 
distinctly represented in the two founders of the two great religions of the 
^ AYorld. 

i '^ Do you wish to see how I keep the Birth-day of my Buddha ? " Mrs. 

^ Leon Owens was asked by a friend of hers, high in rank among the women of 
9 Siam ; "come, then, to my home to-morrow." The English woman went, and 
^ there in beautiful gardens, arrayed as if for a festival, sat the noble lady and 
A the numerous women of her household. 

i They were all dressed in white, and garlanded with flowers. A beautiful 

^ banquet awaited the guests. Presently the outer gates were thrown open, 
^ and other white-robed attendants came throngiug in, each bringing some 
poor beggar Avoman from the streets, to the number of a hundred. Each 
^ Avas seized hy eager girls, disrobed of diity clothing, bathed bodily in the 
bathing ponds of the garden, and then dressed in white attire, put on by the 
^ hostess' own hands. The guests Avere then seated at the table, waited upon 
with all Vie ceremonial due to the King; then to each was given a little bas- 
ket of money, and they went forth from the celebration of their Christmas Day. 
It is recorded that King Asoka — the first great Buddhist King — whose 
rule is known to have begun 235 years before Christ, devoted his best otforts, 
for years, to finding the body of Buddha. When, by the aid of a priest — him- 
self more than a hundred years old — he found the secret tomb, it is further 
recorded that " on touching the bolt the door was suddenly opened, and to 
the surprise of all present, the lamps that had been lightc<l 218 years before, 
were found burning and full of oil; the floAvers AA^ere as fresh and beautiful 
as those in the gardens ; the smell of the perfumes seemed to be eA''en nioio 
exquisite than that of new ones." 

More than two thousand years haA^e passed; the A^eil Avliich so long has 
shut from sight that noble face has been drawn aside, and we gaze upon the 
lineaments of one of the SaAaors of Mankind, Avhose light still burns in hun- 
dreds of millions of hearts, the perfume of Avhose loAdng truths will continue 
foreA'er to shed their fragrance upon our Earth. 



X.— CATULLUS. 
Born in the city of Eome, during the short reign of Caligula, about A. D., 

^ 39. He was of good family, though not of the patrician order, and a direct 

2 descendant of the poet Catullus, friend of Cicero, who lived more than a 

© hundred years previously. At the age of 12 years Catullus Avas sent to a 

A select school in Athens, to obtain his education ; but haAdng a taste for metal- 

^ lurgy, or working in the precious metals, he devoted all the time he could 

i command to learning the processes then in vogue for smelting and refining § 

1 gold and silver. After learning all he could at Athens in the six years he X 
P remained there, be Aasited Memphis and other cities in Egypt, perfecting him- w 
Q self in "all the knoAA'ledge of the Egyptians," in this, his favorite study. Re- ^ 

2 turning to Rome when about 22 years of age, he at once commenced woi'k in T 
«*) the ornamentation of swords, shields, &c., and making articles of jewelry — 
X excelling all other workmen. His skill finally became known to Nero, Avho ^ 
^ gaA'o him a position in the mint, Avhich position he retained during the troub- | 
a lous times following the death of Nero (in A. D. 68), and was continued in the & 
X same ofl&ce under the succeeding reign of Vespasian. Catullus was the first I 



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'S^^ 



24 

to receive ami wear the Vespasian Medal, which he assisted in preparing. He 
was accidentally killed at the age of 46, by some drunken soldiers, who were in 
a brawl.* 



XL— HIRAM ABIFF. 



The claim of autiqiuty for Masonry, carries the institution far back into 
the traditionary, or mythical history of the human race. When Solomon suc- 
ceeded to the throne of his father, David, Masonry was old and well under- 
stood in India and Egypt, both in its speculative and operative features. Hiram, 
King of Tyre, was at this time Grand Master in his own dominions, and had 
been the firm friend of David. On his accession to the throne Solomon sent a 
letter to Hiram of Tyre, in which — after mentioning his purpose to build a 
Temple — he said : "■ Send me now a man cunning to Avork in gold and silver, 
and in brass, and in iron, and in purple, and crimson, and blue," &c. To this 
recxuest Hiram replied : "I have- sent a cunning man, endowed with understand- 
ing, skillful to work in gold, son of a woman of the daughters of Dan, whose 
father was a man of Tyre ; " or, as the Scripture states, " a widow^s son, of the 
tribe of Naphtali." 

HiKAM Abiff was this extraordinary man, whose cunning, skill and 
genius exceeded the wisest and most cultivated person who had ever ap]3eared 
in that or preceding ages. Before receiving the commission as superinten- 
dent of the Temple, he had already displayed the superiority of his masonic 
attainments in the planning and building of the famous city Avhose ruins have 
created so much speculation and research in all subsequent ages, viz : Palmyra, 
or "Tadmor iu the Wilderness." 

HiKAM Abiff was appointed Deputy Grand Master by King Solomon, and 
as such, had entire charge of the building, and furnished to the Craft all the 
designs for the work, not only in the ornamentation, but iu the quarries, and 
the forests of Lebanon. Under him were employed .3,300 overseers in the va- 
rious departments of labor, who were Master Masons ; 80,000 men who were 
stone cutters, hewers and workers iu wood, polishers of metals &c. These 
were the Fellow Crafts. In addition there were 30,000 men levied from the 
nation at large, who were employed at Lebanon, and in floating the rafts of 
timber to Joppa, &c., working one month in three. These were the Entered 
Apprentices, from whose numbers the ranks above were filled in cases of 
vacancy by death or otherwise. 

The Temple was a small building compared with many others of that 
day, being only 105 by 150 feet ', yet with its profuse adornments in gold, sil- 
ver and fine work, and its tesselated Court and surrounding cloisters, its cost 
is variously estimated at from $3,000,000,000 to $4,500,000,000, or about equal 
to the present debt of Great Britain. It was seven years and seven months 
in building. 



*NoTE.— Another of the many remarkable " tests " of the identity of the members of the 
Band is given in the following clairvoyant description of Catullus, taken from Dr. Cooper's 
letter of March Sd, 18T1. Mr. Anderson being engaged on the portrait at precisely the same 
time : 

" There is a Iloman of the time of Nero belonging to the Band, who was skilled in met- 
allurgy ; Catullus by name. He is a little above the medium height, has a Roman nose, very 
■prominent, large fore-head, and eagle eye. His beard is rather curly, or tangled, and he wears 
the toga. As he now presents hinih^clf he has a medal on his breast. His countenance is 
, i-athcr severe, and at the j^auie time thoughtful in expression. ^ 



25 



The fame that followed the completion of the Temple — of which Hiram 
Abiff was the controlling genius — and the great number of finished craftsmen 
educated under him, gave an immense impetus to " operative masonry" in all 
other countries; but no one, so far as history records, showed the wonderful 
cunning and skill — the transcendent genius — of Hiram, as displayed in the 
construction and ornamentation of the Temple at Jerusalem. 

Hiram Abiff was an older mason than Solomon, or Hiram, of Tyre, having 
been initiated into the mysteries of the Order by Brahmin Priests, in India, 
where he resided for many years ; and received the higher degrees, subse- 
quently, from Egyptian Priests. On his return to his native city of Tyre, he 
introduced Masonry into that little kingdom — a narrow strip of a few miles in 
width along the Mediterranean Sea. Hiram, of Tyre, and Hiram Abiff, were 
firm friends — one a kiiig, the other an artizan. It was doubtless this great 
friendship between the two exalted Masons that influenced the King to send 
Hiram Abiff to King Solomon. It was, therefore, by the Tyrian, that Masonry 
was first established at Jerusalem, Solomon being made Grand Master. 

The f^me of these three Grand Masters — Kiug Solomon, Hiram, King of 
Tyre, and Hiram Abiff — is cherished with the profoundest reverence by the 
" brethren of the mystic tie" all over the world, and will be to the latest gen- 
erations. So MOTE IT BE. 



XII.— CONFUCIUS. 

The name of the great Chinese Philosopher has been Latinized from Rung- 
fu-tse, signifying Reverend Master Kung. He was born in the year 551 B. C, 
in the Kingdom of Lu, now forming a portion of the Province of Shantung. 
His father died when he was but three years old, and his education devolved 
upon his mother, who instilled into his mind a strong sense of morality. At 
16 years of age he entered into public service, and at 19 was married. At the 
age of 24 he resigned office to mourn, for three years, according to custom, the 
death of his mother. During this period his time was devoted to a careful 
study of ancient writings, which impressed him with the idea of restoring the 
doctrines of the Sages of old. Thus prepared, he began to teach when 30 
years old. 

The fame of Confucius spread far and wide, and scholars flocked to him 
in large numbers. To better prepare himself for the propagation of his doc- 
trines, he traveled for eight years through the various provinces of China, 
teaching as he went. When 43, he returned to his native province of Lu, and 
again entered public life, setting himself np fearlessly as a teacher of Virtue. 
At 45 he was appointed Prime Minister, with almost unbounded authority : an 
office which had been held by his father. Jealous of the growing power and 
influence of Confucius, the intrigues of a neighboring Prince compelled him 
to retire to x^rivate life, and for twelve years he was a wanderer throughout 
China, often obliged to resort to disguise and concealment to preserve his life. 
At the age of 67 Confucius, with ten of his devoted disciples, retired to a 
peaceful valley in his native province, devoting himself to collecting and an- 
notating the works of the Ancients. These sacred books have, for 2,300 years, 
been the foundation of Wisdom and Gooduess to all educated Chinamen, exer- 
cising an almost unbounded influence on the social and political life of a 
people numbering one-fourth of the entire human race. Here, in this quiet 
valley, in the midst of his friends and disciples, the life of the great Philoso- 
pher was ended, at the ripe age of 72. 



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I 20 

C 

^ During his life-time Confucius iittained to ji degree of popularity border- 

^ iiig almost upou worship. As a sage and religious law-givev he is regarded 
i by his countrymen jjs the greatest man China has ever produced. The books 
§ containing his teachings and philosophy bear the same relation to the Chinese 
t as the Hebrew Bible does to the Christian world. 

ft In their eminently i)ractical character, and their adaptation to the age in 

S which he lived, they equal or exceed all others. 

It is a historical fact, that to Confucius Ixdongs the credit of the author- 

^ sluj) of the Golden Rule, popularly attributed to Jesus. Having been asked 
^ whether any one sentence could express the conduct most fitting fur one's 
whole life, he replied: *' Do not unto others what you would not have them 
do to you." 

For all succeeding ages the Valley in which this remarkable man passed 
the last days of his life has been held as a sacred place of pilgrimage ; and the 
Chinese of the present day, amid conflicting Buddhism and Christianity, still 
point with reverence to the Tomb of this great Sage, in the Province of Shan- 
tung. 



The portrait of Confucius, submitted to the opinions of the learned and 
wealthy Chinese merchants of San Francisco, was regarded by them a most 
admirable likeness, and characteristic of the great Philosopher of their coun- 
try. "But," said they, " in the time of Confucius, the queue was not worn, 
the custom having been established only a few hundred years ago by Edict, as 
a badge of loyalty to the present reigning dynasty." This criticism has also 
been advanced by many others, thereby discrediting the correctness of the 
Spirit Artist. 

The point is well taken ; but in explanation we have to say, Confucius 
believed in the idea that there was a poiver in the hair, which added to physical 
health and mentality. This we now understand as electricity or magnetism. 
Therefore he allowed his hair to grow to its natural length, and wore it 
braided, to keep it out of his way. This custom prevailed among the Naz- 
arites, and, in Bible history, Samson is a noted example of the idea of strength 
or power in the hair. The queue is not shown in any Chinese pictures, as it 
usually hung down his back; but there is no doubt the universal custom of 
to-day, of the shaved head and pig-tail, originated from the braid and queue 
of their revered religious law-giver, though probably but a tradition in the 
minds of even the most learned men of the Celestial Flowery Kingdom. 



XIII.— PIETRO VECCIIIA. 
A Ruler, in the fifth century, of one of the chief island republics in the 
Venetian Lagoon, called Bialto. This lagoon is about five miles broad and 
twenty-five in length, situated a few miles from, and bordering on the Adri- 
atic. In this lagoon are from 60 to 130 islands, large and small, upon which 
the city of Venice is built. . In 452, when Attila invaded Italy, these islands 
became the refuge of the inhabitants of the, cities on the main land ; and, on 
the dissolution of the Empire, large additions were made to the i)opulation. 
In the fifth century each of these islands constituted a republic by itself, 



27 



governed by a Tribune. It was one of these island republics, filled at that 
time with discordant elements, that Pietro was one of the first rulers. The 
title of Doge was not given until about the end of the seventh century, when, 
in«a Convention held at Heraclea, all the islands were organized into one 
government. Pietro was a very learned man, and skilled in the occult sciences. 
After escaping death by poison on several occasions, he wae^ finally assassi- 
nated with a dagger. 

It may not be fy miliar! y known that in Venice was issued, at the begin- 
ning of the seventeenth century, the first newspaper ever published in the world — 
taking its name from the coin called " gazetta," for which it was sold. 



XIV.— OMAR I. 



The second Caliph of the Oriental (Arabian) dynasty, and third cousin of 
Abdallah, 1^. ther of Mohammed, was born at Mecca, A. D. 581. Originally the 
bitter enemy of the Prophet, he set out for Medina with the intention of mur- 
dering him ; but, on the way, chancing to read the 20th chapter of the Koran, 
he was converted. Henceforth he became the most zealous supporter of the 
Moslem faith ; and when Mohammed died, in G32, Omar resigned his claim to 
the succession in favor of Abubekr. 

Two years after, when on his death-bed, Abubekr appointed Omar his 
successor. 

" I have no occasion for the place," said Omar. " But the place has occa- 
sion for you," replied the dying Caliph. 

During the reign of Omar I the Moslem arms were successful everywhere. 
While one army prosecuted the conquest of Syria, capturing Damascus in 635, 
defeating the Greeks in the bloody battle of Termuk, and compelling the 
capitulation of Jerusalem iii 637, another army, ilnder Amru, invaded Egypt, 
reduced Alexandria (at which time the great library founded by Ptolemy 
Philadelphus was destroyed) and overrun Africa, as far as the deserts of 
Tripoli. In Persia and Armenia the Moslems were also successful. A Moham- 
medan historian sums up the conquests of Omar in these words : " He took 
from the infidels 36,000 cities or castles, destroyed 4,000 Temples and Churches, 
and founded or endowed 1,400 Mosques." 

In November, 644, while performing his devotions in the Mosque at Me- 
dina, he was stabbed three times by a Persian slave, named Firiez, in revenge 
for being denied a request for reduction of tribute. Omar lingered five days. 
He refused to name his son as his successor, saying : " It is enough that out 
of my family one has been forced to bear this burden, and reuder an account to 
God of the justice of his government." 

Omar was a very abstemious man. His only food was barley bread and 
dates, his only drink water ; and his garment, when not attending to matters 
of" State, was an old coat, torn in a dozen places. He regularly distributed 
the contents of his treasury among his soldiers and followers, and supported 
himself by the work of his own hands, in the manufacture and sale of leather 
belts. In Omar's Caliphate the Era of the Hegira, or flight of the Pro^jhet 
from Mecca, was established. It is tlie opinion of many historians that Omar 
did more to advance the cause of Mohammedanism than the Prophet 
himself. 



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28 

XV.-PETER KORZAKIEFF. 

A weijlthy and learned Polander, of the time of Casirair IV. Living a 
retired and studious life, and taking no part in the turbulent political move- 
ments which kept Poland in ferment for centuries, he escaped the notoriety 
of history, and though writing upon many subjects, scientific aud abstruse, 
his works were never published. Some of them are believed to be extant, in 
the libraries, or private collactions, and may yet be given to the world. 



XVI.— HENRI DE BRIANVILLE. 

An English Knight, and Soldier of Fortune, of the time of Charles I. He 
was well educated, and an Alchemist of considerable success. In none of the 
portraits, or illustrations of the men of Chivalry (in Froissart's "Chronicles 
of the Middle Ages"), can be found a more perfect representation of the 
Knight in steel-clad armor, than this portrait of Sir Henri. The burnished 
jilates, flexible to every movement of the body, reflect images like a mirror ; 
the plumed helmet, with the raised visor, showing the manly beauty of the 
warrior and gentleman. But the days of knight-errantry were already passed 
in King Charles' time; and in this handsome English soldier we look upon 
the last of those chivalrous men, whose lance and sword were ever wielded 
in the Cause of Right, and for Woman's favor. Sir Henri was killed in an 
affray soon after the Stuart lost his head — in the troublous days of Cromwell. 



XVII.— THOMAS CRANMER. 

This celebrated ecclesiastic was born in 1489 ; entered Jesus College, 
Cambridge, in 1503, obtained a fellowship, and was chosen reader of theo- 
logical lectures, and examiner of candidates, for degrees in divinity, in the 
College. When Henry VIII. meditated a divorce from his queen, Catherine of 
Arragou, an opinion of Craniner that the question of its propriety might 
better be decided by consulting learned divines and members of universities, 
than by an appeal to the Pope, so delighted the King that he was sent for to 
Court, made a King's Chaplain, and commanded to write a treatise on the 
subject of the divorce. Sent abroad to collect these opinions, Cranmer 
formed an intimate connection with the rising party of Protestants in Ger- 
many—where, although in holy orders, he also married a niece of Dr. Osiander, 
a celebrated Protestant divine. Employed by the King to conclude a com- 
mercial treaty with the Netherlands, he was afterwards ordered home to take 
possession of the Metropolitan See of Canterbury. By a vague and secret 
protestation, his scruples about applying to the Pope for the bulls necessary 
to his consecration, were silenced, and the bulls obtained. Soon after Cran- 
mer set the i)apal authority at defiance by pronouncing sentence of divorce 
between Henry and Catherine, and confirming the King's marriage with 
Anne Boleyn. The Pope threatened excommunication, when Parliament 
passed an act abolishing his supremacy, and declaring the King head of the 
Church of England. Again, to gratify the King, Cranmer divorced him from 
Anne Boleyn, and, in other ways, by ministering to the King's passions, won 
his gratitude. Parliament having passed an act, called the bloody act, con- 
demning to death all who supported the right of marriage of priests, or op- 



29 

posed transubstantiation, auricular confession, and vows of chastity, Cranmer, 
finding his efforts iu vain to defeat the law, sent his wife back to her friends 
in Germany. 

On Henry's death, the Archbishop was left an executor of his will, and a 
member of the regency to govern the kingdom during Edward's minority. 
In conjunction with the Earl of Hertford, afterwards Duke of Somerset, the 
Church of England was remodeled, the liturgy drawn up and established by 
act of Parliament. 

The burning of Joan Bocher and Richard vau Paris, under Cranmer's 
ecclesiastical government, showed how little Protestantism had softened 
religious bigotry, even in the mind of so learned and eminent a man. The 
exclusion of Mary from the crown was a. measure which Cranmer favored 
against his better judgment ; and his adhesion to the pretensions of Lady 
Jane Grey, was an offence which Mary, on her accession to the throne, could 
not forgive. He was at once sent to the Tower, as the destined victim of 
Catholic ascendancy. ^ 

Tried by commissioners sent from Rome, on charges of blasphemy, per- x 
jury, incontinence and heresy, he was cited to appear at Rome within eighty § 
days, to deliver in person his vindication to the Pope. Detention in prison a 
rendered compliance impossible; he was declared contumacious, and sen- g 
tenced to be degraded and deprived of office. Under flattering promises, he S 
signed a recantation of his alleged errors, and became, in fact, a Catholic | 
convert. ^ 

The triumph of his enemies was now complete, and nothing was wanting ^ 
but the sacrifice of their abused and degraded victim. To make the tragedy r 
of his execution more impressive, Cranmer was placed on a scaffold in St. 
Mary's Church the day he was to suffer, there to listen to a declaration of his 
faults and heresies, his extorted penitence, and the necessity of expiating, 
by death, crimes which Heaven alone could pardon, but which could not be 
passed over by an earthly tribunal. Instead of confessing the justice of his 
sentence, submitting to it in silence, aud imploring mercy, he calmly acknowl- 
edged that the fear of death had made him belie his conscience, declar- ^ 
ing that the only prospect of extenuating his guilt was, as a Protestant peni- f 
tent, to encounter the fiery torments which awaited him with firmness and ^ 
resignation. He was immediately hurried to the stake, where, with the reso- f 
lutiou of a martyr, he kept his right hand, with which he had signed the | 
recantation, extended in the flames, that it might be consumed before the 
rest of his body, exclaiming, from time to time, " That unworthy hand ! " 

The execution took place on the 21st of March, 1556. • 



XVIII.— AYOTTE. 

An Artist, Poet, Musician and Composer — born in France, in the fifteenth 
century, of a Protestant or Huguenot family. His paintings were jirincipally i 
I)()rtraits — life-size busts, and miniatures. He had quite a passion for the f 
occult sciences and alchemy — which brought upon him the enmity of the ig- @ 
norant and bigoted. He was assassinated, in his study, at the age of 37, by ^ 
some zealous Catholics, who charged him with having dealings with the f 
devil. His works, being only iu manuscript, were destroyed at the time he ^' 
was assassinated ; thei'efore history fails to record the history of a man of 
eminent and diversified talents. 



i 



t 30 



d 



XIX.— PLUTARCH. g 

This learned Greek writer and historian was born at Cheronea, in Boetia, $ 

A. D. 50. Early initiated in the study of Philosophy and Mathematics, he was ¥ 

appointed, while yonug, as Ambassador to the Roman pro-consul — executing a 

his commission Avith honor to himself and success to his country. After trav- ¥ 

eling through hivS own country and Egypt, as a historian and philosopher, he $ 

went to Rome, where he opened a school. Honored by the Emperor Trajan 2 

with the office of Consul, and afterwards appointed Governor of Illj'^ricum, he *^ 

returned to his native town after the death of his imperial patron. There, in ^ 

the midst of his fellow-citizens, he was universally esteemed and raised to all ^ 

the honors they had the power to bestow ; and here, at the advanced age of g 
90, he died. Plutarch was a most- voluminous writer — his works on historical 
and philosophical subjects numbering about 300, of which 100 are extant. The 
portrait exhibits him as possessed of great intellectual vigor — firm, energetic, 
self-reliant. It is, indeed, a marked physiognomy — a face upon which the 
beholder never wearies in gazing. 



XX.— PINDAR. 



One of the greatest of the ancient Greek Poets, Pindar, was born in X 

Boetia, in or near Thebes, about 520 B. C. His father was a musician — a ? 

flute-player ; and Pindar, himself, is said to have been a masterly performer (ft 

on the lyre. At an early age he was instructed in music and poetry ; and for l 

the development of his poetical talent he was especially indebted to the beau- 6 

tiful Corinna, who was herself a distinguished poet(^ss. He sang the praises ^ 

of the Victors in the Grecian games — those public festivals in which the most ^ 

distinguished men, even Kings,* competed. Little is known with certainty in dJ 

regard to the life of Pindar. According to some historians he died at 65: of t 

others, he lived to the age of 90 or 80. f 



XXI.— ALFRED THE GREAT. | 

One of the most illustrious monarchs that ever swayed the sceptre of 1 

Britain. In the wars with the Danes, under his brother Ethelred, Alfred very h 

greatly distinguished himself. He succeeded to the crowu in 871, when in the & 

22d year of his age, and at once found himself involved in a dangerous war f 

with the Danes, who had again invaded and penetrated to the heart of his i 

Kingdom. After many battles, with varying fortune, Alfred was at length ^ 

reduced to the greatest distress, being almost eiitirely abandoned by his sub- ^ 

jects. In this forlorn situation he laid aside all marks of royalty, and took q 

shelter in the hut of a poor shepherd. Afterwards he retired to a small Island ^ 

off the coast of Somersetshire, built a fort for the security of himself, his fani- 6 

ily and the few faithful followers who adhered to the fallen fortunes of their ^ 

King. In about a year after secluding himself in this Island retreat, he heard £ 

that his subjects, under the lead of the nobles, had won a great victory over a 

the Danes. Whereupon he issued a Proclamation inviting the nobility to ^ 

come to him: and while awaiting their decision, he assumed the habit of a ^ 

Harper, and went into the enemy's camp, where he acquired an exact knowl- & 

edge of their situation. An army was rapidly and secretly con(5entrated at a ^ 



I 31 

J poiut in Wiltshire, at the head of which Alfred placed himself. Attacking the 

£ Danes before they had any intelligence of his design, they were surprised and 

I totally routed. 

1 Some years of respite followed this event, when other powerful invasions 

© of Britain were made by the Danes, followed by years of conflict before they 

A were once more driven from the country. Peace secured, Alfred engaged in 

1 collecting and compiling the laws of his predecessors, and in improving the 
^ condition of his subjects, by securing to them an impartial administration of 
^ justice. He laid the foundation of the English navy, and made important 
^ geographical discoveries in the Northern seas. Considering the times in 
(5 which he lived, the history of Alfred presents one of the most perfect exam- 

2 pies on record, of an able and patriotic monarch, united wilh the high-minded 

and strictly moral individual. He died A. D. 900, and was buried at Hyae 
A Abbey, in Winchester. 

1 , XXII.— FRA GIOVANNI GIOCONDO. 

This eminent Italian, called Jocundus, a Friar of the Dominican Order, a 

man extremely learned in Philosophy and Theology, an Architect of great j> 

renown, was born at Verona, in 1435. From early youth he studied with the ^ 

closest application the models of antiquity at Rome, where he passed several f 

years in copying the ancient inscriptions. These he collected into one elegant a 

volume and presented to Lorenzo, the Magnificent, at Florence. He visited S 

Vienna, where for several years he was engaged in the service of Maximilian i 

I., Emperor of Germany. His fame as an Architect spread throughout Eu- ^ 

rope. In his native city the work of preserving the Bridge over the Adige, | 

which he did by surrounding the middle pier with spiles driven into the bed & 
of the river. 

Invited to Paris by Loiiis XII., he was employed to erect the Bridge of 
Notre-Dame, said by Scamozzi, to be the best constructed work in Paris. 

S Afterwards he went to Venice, where he was employed in a grand work for a 

§ the preservation of the city from destruction by the overflow of the Breuta, I 

^ which threatened to pour its floods into the Laguues — the bulwark of Venice. | 

I A council was called, and the plan of Giocondo adopted. This was to turn | 

the waters of the river by a new channel, to be constructed through the | 
f marshes, into the Adriatic. The Lagunes were saved. While at Venice he | 
C made a noble design, including a magnificent Bridge, for I'ebuilding the quar- h 

1 ter of the Rialto which had been destroyed by fire : but the adoption of the ^ 
^ design of another so disgusted Giocondo that he left the city in disgust — f 
^ leaving his drawings with the family Bragadine. The work was, however, ^ 
I executed after his drawings. a 
I At 80 years of age, Fra Giovanni went to Rome, at the request of Pope ^ 
f^ Leo X., where he was declared the Architect of (St. Peter's, after the death of ^ 
f Bramante, in 1614. In concert with Rafaelle and Antonio San Gallo, he re- t 
^' built that immense fabric, which Bramante, from his great haste, had left # 
I extremely weak. In a letter to his uncle, dated July 1, 1614, Rafaelle thus | 
I speaks of the eminent and learned Dominican: "He (the Pope) has given | 
£ me a companion, a very learned, old Friar, who is upwards of 80 years of age ; 6 
I and as the Pope sees he cannot live long, and as he has the reputation of great Z 
f' knowledge, his Holiness has given him to me as assistant, that I may learn of ^ 
o, liim, and discover any great secret he may have in Architecture, and thus per- ^ 



feet myself in Art. He is called Fra Giocondo." f 

w 



I 

His literary labors were considerable. Iii addition to tlie collection of 5 
ancient inscriptions ])resented to Lorenzo, be published an illustrated edition 
of " Vitsuviers" at Venice, in 1511. While in Paris he also first discovered, 
in an old library, several letters of the younger Pliny. Covered with honors 
and fame, this eminent man died in 1521, at the advanced age of 87 years. 

Scaliger, a pupil of Giocondo, in Greek and Latin, speaks of him in the 
highest terms. 

The part delegated to Giocondo, as helper of the ''Band/' is to uproot, as 
far as may be possible, Jesuitical and monkish education ; to take from all 
religious systems the education of the young of both sexes, as the surest and 
speediest way to undermine and break down theological power. Having had 
the experience of a monastic education, "who," he adds, "is better adapted 
to the work ?" 



XXIII.— LOKD BACON. 

Sir Francis, Viscount of St. Albans, was born in London, in 1561. He 
was one of the most remarkable men of which any age could boast. In 1593 
he was chosen a Member of Parliament, and in 1603 was Knighted by James 
I., successor to Elizabeth. Later, he was made one of the King's Counsel and 
Lord Keeper of the Seals; and in 1619, Lord High Chancellor of England. 
Impeached by the House of Commons for corruption in his high office, and for 
receiving bribes from suitors in the Court of Chancery, he was tried, found 
guilty, sentenced to pay a fine of £40,000, to be imprisoned in the Tower dur- 
ing the King's pleasure, and to be forever incaj^wible of holding any office in 
the State, or a seat in Parliament. He was, however, soon released from the 
Tower, gradually regained the King's favor, and finally received a full par- 
don, and the removal of his disabilities. In the succeeding reign of Charles 
I., he was summoned to Parliament, but did not take his seat, owing to physi- 
cal infirmities. Lord Bacon was one of the profoundest investigators in the 
Natural Sciences. 

His great work on the Natural Sciences gave him the appellation of the 
" Father of Experimental Philosophy." 

He died in April 1622, in the 66th year of his age. 



<5 XXIV AND XXV.— ABELARD AND HELOISE. 

% Pierre Abelard, an accomplished scholar and dialectician, celebrated for his 

5 misfortunes, was born in 1079, near Nantes, in Brittany, France. His father 

was a man of rank and opulence, and gave him the most liberal education. In 

1 order the more fully to gratify his thirst for knowledge, he relinquished his 

2 family inheritance in favor of his brothers, and at the age of 16 betook himself 
^ to Paris, where he inscribed himself among the pupils of Wm. de Champeaux, 
S a famous professor of the age. 
5 In the public disputations which were the fashion of the day, Abelard had d 
(D no superior, and he did not fear to enter the lists with Wm. de Champeaux ^ 
J himself. In the discussions that took place between them, he made such, a 
brilliant display of ability, learning and logical acuteness, as to endanger the 

supremacy of de Champeaux at the seat of learning whore he had so longheld 
sway ; and, when Abelard, at 22 yeais of age opened a school of Philosophy at 
Melure, the jealousy and hatred of de Champeaux were at the highest pitch. 
Abelard's failing health compelled him to retire to his native Brittany to re- 



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J 33 I 

S I 

2 cruit liis health ; after a time returiiiuj; to Paris to resume his place as pupil 

at the feet of his old master. Though, meantime, de Champeaux had become 

1 a monk, he still continued his secular pursuits, and the fiery debates were re- 
j uewed, in which Abelard again came off victor. Being made Bishop of Chal- 
ons, de Champeaux used his new power to crush his adversary with other 
weapons than those of argument. 

Abelard, little satisfied with the knowledge he had already acquired, gave 
his days and nights to the study of the Scriptures, and in a short time found 
himself qualified to lecture upon Theology. His reputation as a divine was 
no less flattering than that which he had enjoyed as a philosoi)her. In the 
midst of his success, his happiness was still incomplete : a passion stronger 
than literary ambition possessed him — he sighed for pleasures which neither 
learning nor fame could impart. In the bloom of life, elegant in his manners, 
and graceful in appearance, he was confident of success wherever he should 
condescend to pay his addresses, and he resolved to be satisfied with no ordi- 
nary conquest. His choice did not long remain undecided. 

Heloise. the reputed niece of the Canon Fulbert, of the church of Notre 
Dame, happened to reside near the place where Abelard lectured. She was 
in her 18th year, a time when the heart is most susceptible ; and to the most 
exquisite beauty she united mental accomplishments equally admirable. 

Her charms of person and mind were heightened by such a graceful and 
modest air as rendered her influence irresistible. Abelard could not aspire to 
a lovelier object. He saw her, conversed with her, and was captivated. 
Philosophy and Divinity were forgotten ; and his whole mind was devoted to 
the completion of those desires which Heloise had inspired. 

A favorable opportunity soon occurred. Fulbert, who loved his niece, 
and admired the talents and distinction of Abelard, invited him to complete 
her education: and was highly pleased when Abelard proposed to board in 
his house — resigning to him entire authority aud charge over her. 

Abelard iiudertook the charge with transport, and contrived to render his 
instructions extremely pleasing to his pupil. The relation of master and pu->- 
pil were not long preserved : a warmer sentiment than esteem seized their 
hearts. The unlimited opportunities which were afforded by the Canon, who 
confided in Abelard's age (40) and public character, were fatal to the peace of 
both. Fulbert's country house at Corbeil, to which the lovers used frequently 
to repair, under pretense of study, enabled them to escape observation or cen- 
sure, while abandoning themselves to the indulgence of a criminal, but 
mutual passion. Abelard became averse to study, his mind impaired, and so 
striking a change attracted public notice aud remark. Fulbert alone had no 
suspicion of their intimacy, but at last awakened to the true condition of 
matters, he watched their conduct with the closest vigilance, and surprised 
them in flagrante delictu. An immediate separation was the consequence of 
the discovery, but the lovers contrived to elude watchful eyes, and still find 
means for stolen interviews. The condition of Heloise was on the point of 
betraying her, and in the habit of a nun, advised by Abelard, she set oft" with- 
out delay to the house of his sister, in Brittany. To appease the fury of Ful- 
bert, Abelard proposed marriage, which was to have been kept a secret on 
account of Abelard's ecclesiastical ambition. Fulbert divulged the fact, 
which Heloise, from a spirit of devotion to her lover, denied. Exasperated at 
her perverseness, Fulbert punished her, and she then fled to Abelard, who 
placed her in tlie nunnery of Argenteuil. 



I 34 1 



t 



<5 Fiilbert now abandoned himself to a transport of savage vindictiveness, J 

^ and, watching liis opportnnity, bnrst into Abolard's chamber with a band of f 

riittians, and gratified liis revenge by inflicting on him an atrocions mntilation. J 

^ For this outrage Fiilbert wns subsequently deprived of his benefice, his goods 9. 

confiscated, and his accomplices punislied by undergoing the treatment they Q 



luid inflicted on Abelard. x 



^ juui innicien on Aueiaro. x 

J In this business, Abelard, in hi^ memoirs, admits his own culpability ; | 

<9 states that he was under an evil influence ; that he abused the confiding trust ^ 
t) of his friend Fulbert; and that he deliberately plotted the seduction of t 
'^ He]oi>e, who, on her part, was far less blamable than he. © 

(^ On his recovery from the outrage, shame and despair drove him into the ^ 

J^ darkness of the monastery of St. Denis, where he became a monk. The affec- S 
^ tion of Heloise did not seem diminished by his misfortune: but, iu compliance Z 
^ with his request, at the age of 22, while yet in the bloom of youth and beauty, t 
U she assumed the veil at Argenteuil, and renounced forever the pleasures of I 
$ society. X 

^ Abelard's spirit was not cruslied : and after a few years he resumed his Z 

^ lectures, the great popularity of which drew crowds from all quarters. The ^ 
^ malice of his old opponents was once more aroused ; lie was accused of heresy^ ^ 
and at the council called at Soissous, his works were adjudged heretical, and ^ 
ordered to be burned. The monks of St. Denis, desirous of relieving them- 
selves of a brother whose life was a rebuke to their own, took offense at some Z 
of his opinions, and followed him up so closely that he was compelled to escape 6 
to Troyes. ^ 

Here he built a rude hermitage after the fashion of Anchoret, to which ^ 
retreat many of his piis^ils followed him ; and with their assistance he founded i^^ 
the Paraclete. The dedication of this chapel to the Holy Ghost was stigma- j| 
tized as an innovation. His election as abbot of the monastery of St. Gildaa f 
de Ruys, brought him farther trouble. The feudal lord of the monastery had | 
deprived the monks of their territory, on account of their irregular life ; and r 
as Abelard was no less desirous of reforming them, he ran the risk of assassi- Z 
nation withiu the walls, while iu his desire to maintain the temporal rights ^ 
of the convent of Argenteuil, to which Heloise had been elected abbess, he v 
was in little less danger from without. He regretted the seclusion and inde- 
pendence of the Paraclete. 

The demesne of the convent having been claimed by the monks of St. 
Denis, the nunnery suppressed, Heloise and her nuns were without home or 
shelter. Iu this emergency Abelard offered them the Paraclete, to found an 
institution there, and his proposal was confirmed by the bull of Innocent II. 
This reunion, after a separation of eleven years, was precious to each. 

Abelard's doctrines brought a new persecution upon him. This time St. 
Bernard was his opponent— charging him with dogmatizing on the power and 
nature of the divine essence. In 1140 a council was held at Sens, presided 
over by Louis VII. in person. His opinions were again judged heretical, and 
he was sentenced to perpetual silence. 

By the efforts of Peter the Venerable, Abbot of Cluny, an absolution was 
procured from the Holy Father, and Abelard was received into the monastery. 
In this last retirement he experienced every kindness, till, weakened by age 
and complicated disease, he was selit to the Priory of St. Marcel, near Chalons, 
where he died on the 21st of April, 1142, in the 63d year of his age. His body 
waa sent to the Chapel of the Paraclete, according to a former request of 



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t 35 



Heloise, and by liis own desire. Slie snivived him over 20 years, and was dis- 
tinguished for her learning, piety, resignation and exemplary conduct. Her 
death took place on the 17th of May, 1163, and her remains were buried, by 
her own request, in the same tomb with Abelard — whose memory she had 
cherished with undiminished affection, till the la<Jt moment of her life. Upon 
the tomb was inscribed this epitaph : 

HERE 

Under- the Same Marble, 

LIE PETER ABELARD, 

FOUNDER, 

AND HELOISE, FIRST ABBESS. 

OF THIS 

MONASTERY; 
Once u.tited in Studies, in Genius, in unhappy Nuptials and Penitence, 

NOW, AS WE HOPE, IN ETERNAL FELICITY. 

Abelard died on the 21st April, 1142 : Heloise, on the 17th May, 1163. In 
1792 the Paraclete was sold, and the remains of the two lovers were removed 
to the Church ofNogent sur Seine. In 1800 they were exhumed and placed 
in the garden of the Musie Francoise, in Paris, and in 1817, were deposited 
beneath a mausoleum in the cemetery of Pere la Chaise. 

Of Heloise, history makes no mention in regard to her parentage and early 
life : only after her connection with Abelard. After their separation only one 
pei'sonal interview was held by the lovers 5 but Abelard became her Spiritual 
Adviser and Father Confessor. A correspondence arose which continued for 
years. The Letters of Abelard and Heloise have been many times published, 
and are models of their kind: hers, especially, breathing the spirit of love, 
refined and purified by suffering. 



XXVI.— SIR ANTHONY VANDYKE. 

This celebrated Flemish painter, and pupil of Rubens, was born in Ant- 

g werp, March 22d, 1599. His parents were in comfortable circumstances, and 

§ possessing some knowledge of art, gave, him his first instruction. At ]6 he 

5 was placed under Rubens. When 20 he went to Italy, visiting Venice, Genoa and 

Rome, studying under the best masters. The great talent of Vandyke was 
^ shown in his religious paintings— that of " Christ Crucified between the Two 

1 Thieves," in the church of the Recollects, at Mechlin, being pronounced by Sir 
e Joshua Reynolds not only the best of his historical works, but " one of the 

1 finest pictures in the world." 

$ Invited by Charles II., he visited England in ] 632, and a year or two after, 

A was Knighted by the King, who appointed him painter to his majesty, with a 

X life pension of £200 per annum ($1,000). " He always," says a contemporary 

^ writer, "went magnificently dressed, had a numerous and gallant equipage, 

Q and kept so good a table in his apartments, that few princes were more vis- 

ited, or better served." 
Excessive application — frequently painting a portrait a day — and too 

2 much dissipation, together with anxieties caused by a searchforthe '^Philoso- 



XXVII.— PHILIPPE QUINAULT. 

A distiiiguiBhed Frencli opera writer, born in 1635. Sou of a baker, witli 
no advantages of education, lie owed all his success iu life to liis own iudustiy 
aud talent. He began to write plays before lie was 20 ; aud his success was 
such as to make liira a mark for the satire of Boileau, who attacked and crit- 
icised him with great bitterness. Feeling that tragedy was not his province, 
Quinault, in connection with the musical composer LuUy, began writing- 
operatic pieces. In this department of poetry — the lyrical — he displayed such 
talent as to be placed above all competitors : being ranked by the best judges 
as among the most distinguished men of the age of Louis XIV. There is 
nothing in the French language more delicate, tender and ingenious than the 
turn of his love-songs and dialogues. Boileau and the other critics of that 
time, attributed the success of Quinault's pieces solely to the merit of Lully's 
music ; but the latter is now forgotten, while the former are still read with 
pleasure. His "Armide," and his " Atys," are master-pieces of their kind. 

Marrying the widow of a rich merchant whose estate he had settled, 
Quinault was enabled to purchase the post of Auditor in the Chamber of Ac- 
counts, and afterwards was elected a member of the French Academy. He 
was chosen to deliver, in the name of that body, a congratulatory address to 
the King, on his return from the campaigns of 1675 and 1677 — by whom he 
had a pension bestowed, for flattering compliments in his prologues. 

Iu society, Quinault was polite, amiable, and kind. Besides his theatrical 
pieces, he was the author of several occasional poems of great merit and popu- 
larity. The last years of his life were rendered unhappy by a melancholia, 
induced from decline of health. He died iu 1688, at the age of 53. The por- 
trait shows him to have been a handsome man, and it is pronounced a good 
likeness by Dr. Cooper, and others, who have seen him clairvoyantly. 

Though not a member of the " Baud," he has enlisted under their banner, 
and will be proud to assist iu the work of radically revolutionizing the popu- 
lar educational systems of the day, especially in religious matters, simplifying, 
and rendering less abstruse, scientific education as well. 



<? 3b ^ 

« 

Q i)her's Stone," to which, in his lattc^r years, he surrendered much of his time, q, 

^ rapidly undermined his health. Desirous of doiug something worthy of Eug- ^ 

h land, and at the same time repairing his shattered fortunes, Vandyke proposed 

I to the. King to i)aint the walls of the "Banqueting Room" at the Palace of ^ 

^ Whitehall ; biit the price demanded was beyond the capacity of the Royal 
Treasury. While negotiations were })ending for the execution of the work at ^ 
a lesser price, his death took place in London, December 9th, 1641, in his 43d jl 

$ year. His best portraits, prominent among which are ye veral of Charles I., and 

^ of the Earls of Strafford and Pembroke, are in the collections at Windsor 

^ Castle, Hampton Court, Blenheim, Althorp, and other famous seats. There 

$ are also many iu the galleries of Paris, Berlin and Vienna. As a portrait 

z ])aintor, Vandyke ranks next to Titian, and by some is accounted equal to 

that master. 

^1, The portrait represents Vandyke as he is in Spirit Life, as near as it is pos- 

'^ bible for mortal pencil to delineate his features. 



37 

XXVIII.—" DAWN." 

This portrait was taken at a Seance with Mr. and Mrs. Anderson, in New 
York, in the winter of 1869-70. She was unknown to us, but has been cher- 
ished as the likeness of a beautiful spirit. It is now given by her, through Dr. 
Cooper, that she was born in Massachusetts about one hundred years ago, of 
parents by the name of White ; that she never had a name in*the earth-life? 
having passed away soon after birth. Therefore, when asked her name, she 
said : " Call me Dawn ; as I only dawned in this life and then passed to the 
spirit- world." The portrait represents her as she grew up to womanhood in 
the summer-land, and she is dressed according to her own fancy. Her influ- 
ence is very beautiful. 

She is related to the wife of Dr. Cooper, about the fourth generation back ; 
and belongs to the Band, like numerous others, as a helper, being nearer the 
earth in magnetism, than the Ancient and pre-historic members. It is an ac- 
cepted fact in the Spiritual Philosophy that the inherent law of physical develop- 
ment, or growth, interrupted in this life, continues iu the next, till the full 
natural statue is attained : thus, all embryotic human forms, cut off from phy- 
sical life before or after birth, grow up iu spirit-life until the law of growth 
is fulfilled. " Dawn" comes as she would have been at about 24 years of age 
had she lived. 



The Band of Drallahas, 



Through the connection of the magnetic wires, other Bands of Spirits, 
still more ancient than the Atlantians, report themselves to the denizens of 
Earth. 

On the receipt, in February last, by Mrs. Frank Campbell, a Medium, of 
Boston, of a postal card announcement of the " Spirit Art Gallery," she wrote, 
under date of Feb. 20, 1874 : 



t 
t 
t 

5 "I this moment have received your postal card, on M'hich is printed a brief description of 

6 your most wonderful Spirit Art Gallery, * * which I have read with intense interest. * * A 
J Spirit bids me write, and this time I obey. 

S "It is now eighteen years since I began to write, under powerful Spirit control, an un- 

2 known language, or languages. The characters are very regular, and most of them are very 

9 beautiful, and are said to be written by very ancient SpiHts, who are intending to give the 

world a description of our planet and its inhabitants ; and their manners and customs, as far 

fi back as the first dawn of intellect ; and they further say they will explain the hitherto mys- 

g tery of the Western Mounds, and also the ancient ruins of Central America and Yucatan. 

A "Now, this little history which your card contains, together with what has been given to 

me, is a strange and intensely interesting coincidence ; and I hope, by writing to you, to ob- 

2 tain some further information regarding these writings, as perhaps the ancient ones may be 

^ able and Ax-illingto give myself, as well as others, some light on the subject. * * * 

P " I am to be controlled to write a few lines, that you may have a specimen of the charac- 

^ ier* for inspection by your Band of Ancients." 



38 
Fac-Simile of the Ancient Writing. 

o 



t^ %' ^v <V ih ^^' 



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e 



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The strange writing -was submitted to "the inspection of our Band of An- 
cients," through their medium, James Cooper, M. D., of Bellefontaine, Ohio, 
who reports the result, under date of March 17, 1874, as follows: 

" The characters are not Atlantian, but seem to have belonged to an Asiatic people long 
extinct. The Spirit presenting with these characters, is a small man, with black crisp hair, 
which is quite bushy ; small black eyes, differing from the regular Asiatic, in being round ; 
nose small and thin ; lips thick, particularly the under one ; high receding forehead, and quite 
dark olive complexion. 

"He says they inhabited the extreme Southern Peninsula of Asia, and the adjacent 
islands, and were civilized to some extent, and were worshippers of the Evil Principle of 
Nature. The name of this nation or people is Drallahas : pronounced. Drawl-la-has— the h 
in the last syllable almost silent. He was a Ruler and Priest. His wife is with him and 
resembles him much, except that she is smaller. They lived 

50,000 YEARS AGO, 

80 they say. The characters are simply a statement of the facts above given, with the names 
of some of their Deities, and their own names attached : 

Mazza, King and Priest. 
Mebb-ah, Queen. 

" They came through Mrs. Campbell, for the purpose of establishing communication with 
us, to assist him in developing his plans ; also, being skilled in medicine, these Asiatics are 
able to help her in her mediumship." 

On the 2d of April, two long messages in the Ancient character (from the 
Band of Drallahas), were received from Mrs. Camphell, urider date of March 
24th. One of them was headed : " Written expressly for Mr. Winchester) to be 
submitted to Dr. Cooper;" the other — " Suggestive Directions, with the Benedictions 
of the Band." 



39 I 

These messages were transmitted to Dr. Cooper, as requested, and on the $ 
12th of April he returned the translations, one of which is given in full, here- 
with. Dr. C. prefaces the translation with these remarks : 

" While seated at my table they surrounded me completely, there being about 25 of them 
present ; some of them old men not over four fkbt in height, but stor.t and muscular." 



6 
6 

TRANSLATION. 

We, the Drallahas : Mazza, King and Priest ; Mebb-oTi, Qneen ; and 
AsTERROO, Chief of Guards, and Councillor — come Greeting : 

1. The Sun rules the day, while the Moon rules the night, and the Stars 
give her their assistance, 

2. Man (the Sun), rules the Government, the Market, and the Field; 
while Woman (the Moon), rules the Household, assisted by the Children 
(Stars), to make it luminous with a happy light. 

3. The wise man has patience, and receives his reward ; the foolish man 
is impatient, and meets with disappointment. 

4. Rivers never flow up stream, neither does night come at noonday ; 
much less is Earth's progress interfered with by the sneers and scoffs of men. 

5. That the Earth may progress, tempests, storms, floods, and convul- ^ 
sions, must occur: So with man — to learn Wisdom and Progress, he must be $ 
tried with trouble, and purified by sorrow. . S 

6. Ignorance begetteth sorrow and entails the miseries of disease ; while $ 
Wisdom insures joy, even in poverty, and imnmnity from many diseases. 

7. Wealth, when not properly used, only begets uneasiness and trouble ; 
when used to enlighten and couilort the poor and ignorant, it giveth much joy. 

8. Wisdom and Truth make the weakest man powerful ; Ignorance, in 
the strongest, makes him most weak. 

9. The Earth is your Mother, from whose bosom you obtain your food ; 
when you thresh your corn, cover her bare bosom with the straw and she will 
thank yon. 

10. The Ant labors hours in carrying a grain of corn to its hill ; then, oh 
Man, labor years to obtain Wisdom, which is Joy. 

11. Perseverance overcomes all obstacles, while Procrastination ruins the 
brightest of prospects, and blasts our hopes. f 

12. Accumulate what you honestly can : retain enough for your own - 
wants, and wisely distribute the balance to the physically and mentally 
destitute. 

13. Distrust him who flatters. 

14. Trust him who wisely tells you of your faults. 

15. Death is a true friend to the old and infirm. 

16. Be true to yourself, and you will be true to others. 

17. One Power rules all things, animate and inanimate. 

18. Learn to adapt these Precepts to yourself. 

Drallahas of the Band. 

These Precepts were engraved on plates of copper, and written on the 
skins of animals, for the instruction of the people by the Wise Men of their 
Nation. They had, also. Precepts, specially addressed to Woman, which are 
to be given hereafter. 

From the second and longer message from the Drallahas (which was of 
a personal and private nature), we make the following extract : 



;OO<>OO4»O<»4»O<»O4>O4»<»OO<>04»«»4»4»<><»fk«»<>4»4»OO4£4><>4»'O4»<I:'0«$«»«^0 0^'0<>^ 



40 

"We, aleo, have consulted upon the t^uhject of having a short history of onrselves and 
country, embodied in the work to be published by you, relating to the Atlantians and Mound 
Builders ; and it has been agreed [between the two Bands] that the labor for the Medium will 
be too great ; therefore, our History will be deferred until after the other is published and on 
sale ; for your three Chiefs say, and truly, that the way the human family has been educated, 
it would be asking too much of them to believe in people as ancient as we are, until they have 
digested the 16,000 year History." 

That such a history would be exceediugly curious and interesting, there 
can be but little doubt ; for the Drallahas were the most enlightened people 
of Asia, Africa and Europe, at that day. They admit, however, that there 
was a civilization they knew nothing about, on Atlantis, that was, even 50,000 
years ago, in advance of their own. This they only ascertained ages after 
they left the form. 

The " Benedictions," in general use by the Drallahas, were two : One 
to Ambra (God of Good), and the other to Maranti (God of Evil), to both of 
which Temples of Worship were erected and dedicated. Those to Maranti 
(the Devil), were much more numerous thai? those to Ambra (Good) ; and the 
days of worship set apart to the former, were as three to one. In fact, when- 
ever there was a terrible storm or earthquake, the temples of Maranti were 
crowded with people, bringing offerings to placate his anger. 

Mazza, the King, was a Priest of Arnbra. The Priests of Maranti were 
drawn from the nobles of twenty years, whenever there was a vacancy, but 
the office was not hereditary. It was one that few desired to fill. Although 
the Drallahas recognized Good as one of their *' Gods," they were in reality 
Devil Worshippers. 

These. are the two Benedictions : 

First: May Ambra (God of Good) plant flowers in your path, and cause your fields and 
trees to yield much : may your wife enjoy good health and be happy : may your children be 
beautiful and "wise ; and may the good spirits protect and bless yourself. 

Second: May the Evil One (Maranti), choke the thorns he has sown in your path, and 
remove the rocks and surplus water from your garden and fields ; and when he sends the 
strong %vinds, may your palm-trees and house be spared, and may the Spirits of Darkness 
never cast a shadow on your path. 

This ancient Asiatic people were adepts in the occult sciences ; and, as 
Spirits, possess a wonderful knowledge of Nature's Secret Powers, to which 
a higher class of Spirits cannot attain, because they are unable to control, by 
contact, elements so much beneath them. These secrets consist, among others 
of importance, in giving health, or taking it away; and even extends to the 
control of the lives (physically speaking) of such mortals as they bring their 
forces to bear upon. 

Science is, by its crucial methods of evolving and testing the phenomenal 
facta of Spiritualism, placing them upon a basis that cannot be overthrown, 
by all the skepticism that the world can bring to bear upon them. Ere long, 
when these returning Spirits, who inhabited the Earth, thousands and tens 
of thousands of years ago, unlock to us the knowledge of long-forgotten ages, 
what buried Wisdom will be ours, and what Progress will be made in the 
advancement of the human race, through this "opening of the Seals," which 
has cloBed to us the treasures of human experience in all the geologic eras ! 



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Spirit A:rt Gallery. 



I j\''otic6S of the Press and People. I 

_ ^ 

1 ' ^^ • I 

S Spirit Paintings.— These pictures are drawn by Wella and Pet Auderbon, spirit artists 2 

ki of acknowledged ability. Mr. A. was originally a cabinet-maker, and, following his own in- ^ 

I clination, would have been one now ; but it was decided in spirit-land that he should become ^ 

I their instrument ; and he had no choice but to submit to the decree, or deface and ruin every- Z 

% thing he undertook to do. So it was : no sooner would he finish planing a panel or any ^ 

^ smooth surface, than he would be influenced to mark or draw upon it with a pencil, or other- ^ 

^, wise deface it. So often was this repeated, that at length he reluctantly gave up his business % 

C and began his career as a spirit artist, which for sixteen years he has worked at without in- % 

^ termission, save the rest made necessary by the nervous prostration this labor brings. Mr. ^ 

'^ A. has rarely more than two sittings a day, and those not exceeding ten or twelve minutes in 2 

i duration. The average time occupied in making each of these pictures was about one week, ^ 

^ though the actual working time on each was not over two hours. When in a trance state, the d 

S mediuni^works with the rapidity of lightning, drawing the most intricate patterns of embroid- 2 

^ cry, and putting the most delicate touches here and thereupon his paper, wiih a freedom that § 

jj the favored few who have seen him work, declare to be impossible to the human hand. — . ^ 

i> Alpine Miner, Monitor, Cal. X 

§ SpiraT Aht Gallery.— The pictures were taken with Faber's pencils, Nos. 1 and •^. They & 

^ arc very nicely done. The figures on the em])roidered robes are very minute and perfect. The w 

\ artists have been well known all over the United States for many years. Mr. and Mrs. Ander- S 

^. son sit together, both being entranced, one acting as battery for the other. Sometimes the 5 

f lady holds the pencil, sometimes the gentleman. The faces are very different, and present a ^ 

Q curious; study to an artist. As Pencil Paintings, they are worthy the attention of Art critics. X 

^ * * No doubt the Exhibition will attract crowds of people, for it avill be well worth ^ 

^ \ Mi-n.''— San Francisco Daily Ece. Post. 6 

^^ 13 

■^ e 

%■ •• Spiritualism is nroducing of late some fine specimens of art, and among the finest of ^ 

g these are the Pencil Drawings of the Andersons, Photographs of which are now before us, ex- | 

^ ccuted in the highest style of art, ajid producing the most pleasing impression, as well as as- ,2 

hf tonishment, at the skill of the Spirit artists and photographer. Mr. Winchester deserves the ^ 

f greatest success in his endeavor to place them in the hands of i\\<i\^co^\Q.'''—Religio-Philoso- £ 

A phical Journal. x 



<!) " We have been favored with a sight of photographs of these marvelous pictures, and 5 

¥ consider them a valuable and very interesting curiosity in that line, which most any one would w 

ft desire to possess."— iJai^y Evening News, Gold Hill, Nevada. ^ 

C I 

^ "The photos, are PERFECTLY splendid. Hon. Geo. Harding, of Genoa, Nevada, after a ^ 

^ long and critical examination, pronounces the portraits of Cranmer, Bacon and Plutarch, per- 2 

^ feet ; and would have recognized them anywhere, having seen copies of them from paintings ^ 

f and medallions."— (?. i^. 2%ornton. ^ 



I "The pictures are done entirely wi^i a lead pencil, and aside from the interest which at- a 

^ taches to them on account of their so-called supernatural origin, they are ke._lly credita- ^l 

¥ BLE works op Art. The drawings are not always correct, but the shading and general finish ^ 

A evince wonderful skill and ijroficiency in the use of the pencil."— 5«/i Francisco Daily 2 

5 Chronicle. h 

^ " Looking at this Gallery of Pictures as Works of Art, and setting aside the idea of Spir- f 

^, itual assistance, they are simply- wonderful. No matter by what agency they are executed, 2 

ik or what power controlled the Artist, they will be recognized as Works op Art by all critics, ^ 

]g when they shall have been exhibited to the world's gAZQ.''— Alpine 3Iiner, Monitor, Cal. ^ 

I "I am delighted with this beautiful collection of Pictures, and regard them as the finest I 

g have ever seen."— r. 5. Taylor, M. D. 

% "THEY ARE GRAND."- Tr.S. }rwc^,-Coshocto«, Ohio. 



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